Antraheous anesthesia amachititsa chidwi kwambiri chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo, vuto la mankhwala osokoneza bongo, momwe chidziwitso chatsekedwa, minofu imatuluka, ziwalo zina zimafooka kapena zimachotsedwa, ndipo ululu umatayika. Anesthesia imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga opaleshoni.
Kodi mankhwala oterewa amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Njira yaikulu yowonjezereka, poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya anesthesia, ndiyomwe ikuchitika mofulumira, mwakuya popanda siteji ya chisangalalo. Ndiponso-kuchoka mwamsanga kwa wodwalayo kuchokera ku chidziwitso.
Kawirikawiri, malingana ndi mtundu wa mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito, mankhwala amodzi amodzi amatha kukhala osadziwika kwa mphindi 20. Choncho, pa nthawi yayitali ndikugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa mankhwalawa, kupititsa patsogolo mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumachitika nthawi zonse pofuna kusunga mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo.
Kuchita mwambo woterewu ndi njira yophweka mosavuta, mwachangu komanso mofulumira. Komabe, samapereka mpumulo wathunthu, ndipo chiopsezo cha kuwonjezera pa mankhwala ndi chokwanira poyerekeza ndi inhalation anesthesia. Choncho, pochita machitidwe omwe amafuna kuti anesthesia yayitali, kutsekemera sikugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza monga mononarcosis (ie, osakwatira). Kawirikawiri, kuphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya anesthesia imagwiritsidwa ntchito, pamene intravenous imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chiyambi chobweretsa wodwalayo kudziwa, kupyolera mu sitepe ya kudzutsa.
Zisonyezo ndi zosiyana zokhudzana ndi kupweteka kwa thupi
Zizindikiro za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anesthesia zikhoza kukhala chikhalidwe chilichonse chimene chimafuna kuchitika mwamsanga kapena kukonzekera opaleshoni. Kukonzekera kwa anesthesia yogwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu kumaperekedwa pankhani ya ntchito zomwe zimatenga nthawi yambiri.
Zochita zotsutsana ndi zovuta zowonjezereka pakakhala opaleshoni yosayembekezereka sizowona. Ngati wodwalayo akufunika opaleshoni kuti apulumutse moyo, zidzachitidwa ndi kusankha njira zowonongeka komanso kuganizira zofunikira za chikhalidwe chake.
Pankhani ya opaleshoni yokonzedweratu, zotsutsana ndi zowonongeka ndizo:
- Kuphwanya mtima (myocardial infarction, kuyambira pa chiyambi cha chitukuko chomwe chinapitirira mwezi umodzi, angina wosasunthika kapena angine wosasunthika kwambiri, osagonjetsedwa mtima, kusokonezeka kwa mtima wamtima);
- matenda aakulu a ubongo;
- Matenda akuluakulu a kupuma (chibayo, chifuwa chachikulu kapena chisonyezero pamtunda wovuta kwambiri, kuwonjezereka kwa mphumu yakufa);
- matenda opatsirana.
Palinso mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchepetsa thupi, pali mndandanda wa zotsutsana.
Kukonzekera kwa intravenous anesthesia
Kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mabotolo ndi mavitamini awo amagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- viadryl;
- thandizani;
- sodium oxybutyrate;
- ketamine.
Tiyeni tione mbali zawo:
- Mavitamini (sodium thiopental, hexanol, metahexitone). Mtundu uwu wa mankhwala umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsamba za anesthesia. Zotsatira zovuta zotsatila zikuphatikizapo kuponderezedwa kwa kupuma ndi ntchito ya mtima.
- Ketamines. Ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndikuti alibe chidziwitso chodziwikiratu pamapiritsi ndi mapiritsi a mtima, choncho akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa matenda a anesthesia. Pamene akuchotsa anesthesia, odwala angawonongeke, osagwirizana.
- Viadryl, propanidide, sodium oxybutyrate. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyambitsa mankhwala amwano, kuphatikizapo njira zina.
Zotsatira za kupweteka kwa mimba
Atachoka ku anesthesia, odwala amatha kuona:
- kunyoza, kusanza;
- mutu ndi chizungulire;
- chills;
- zozizwitsa zopweteka;
- chisokonezo ndi kulepheretsa;
- kufooka kwa ziwalo;
- chiwonetsero ;
- matenda ogona.
Zotsatirazi ndizokhalitsa ndipo zimatha masiku 2-3.