Poyang'ana otsogolera, timakonda kumva mawu akuti "chikhalidwe chokhudzidwa", ndi tanthauzo lake komanso zomwe zizindikiro zake zimangodziwika ndi madokotala ndi ofufuza. Koma anthu enieni amadzifunsanso kuti izi ndi zotani ndipo chifukwa chiyani anthu omwe amaphwanya lamulo amayesa kutsimikizira kuti adachita zomwezo.
Kodi nchiyani chomwe chimakhudza?
Kukhudzidwa ndi chikhalidwe chachisangalalo chachisangalalo chomwe chinayambira chifukwa cha chiwawa, kuzunzidwa, kunyozedwa kwakukulu kapena mkhalidwe wautali umene unasokoneza maganizo a munthu. Malingana ndi mtundu umene umakhudzidwa nawo, ukhoza kuchepetsa kapena kusasunthirapo chiwerengero cha zigawenga, ndipo ukhoza kuzindikiritsidwa ngati chinthu chowawa.
Mulimonsemo, chisangalalo champhamvu chimapanga njira zomwe sizigwirizana ndi izo, pang'onopang'ono. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, munthu amangoganizira za chinthu chomwe chinapangitsa mkwiyo wake (kukhumudwa, kukwiya), munthuyo sadziwa konse kapena amakumbukira nthawi zina mwachinsinsi.
Nthawi zambiri, vutoli limakhudza anthu omwe ali osayenerera komanso omwe ali ofooka. Kunja, izi zikhoza kuwonetseredwa ndi kusinthasintha mofulumira kapena ntchito yambiri. Ndiponso munthu akhoza kutembenukira wofiira kapena wotumbululuka, kulankhula kwake kudzakhala pakati, kusunthika kungamangidwe kapena kusokonezeka. Mulimonsemo, chikhalidwe chokhudzidwa sichilephera kulekerera mwa njira iliyonse.
Psychology of the state of affect
M'maganizo, palinso mitundu itatu ya machitidwe okhudzidwa: odwala, okhudza thupi ndi nthaka. Matenda okhudza matendawa ndi vuto lopweteka la psyche, lomwe limaphatikizapo kuchita zinthu mopupuluma, kutaya pang'ono kapena kutaya kwathunthu, kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa chidziwitso. Kawirikawiri zochita zaumunthu zimaphatikizapo kulankhula kosalankhula komanso kuganizira kwambiri. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amatha ndi kufooka kwathunthu, kugona kapena tulo tofa nato. Chikhalidwe cha matendawa chimafuna chithandizo, choncho anthu otero sali ndi udindo pazochita zawo ndipo amaonedwa kuti ndi opusa.
Zomwe zimakhudza matendawa zimapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto losokonezeka maganizo (neurasthenics, psychopaths).
Zomwe zimakhudza thupi zimaoneka ngati mphamvu yamaganizo, mwadzidzidzi imabwera chifukwa cha nkhawa, kukhumudwa. Pankhaniyi, munthuyo amadziwa zomwe akuchita, koma sangathe kuziletsa.
Zizindikiro za malo omwe amakhudza
Zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri za chikhalidwe ndi zotsatirazi:
- Mwadzidzidzi zochitika. Amakhudza munthu, akuphwanya chifuniro chake.
- Nthawi yochepa. Kodi dziko lachilakolako latha nthawi yaitali bwanji? Chithunzi chenicheni sichitha kutchulidwa, kawirikawiri mphindi zingapo, kapena ngakhale masekondi.
- Mphamvuzi zimagwedezeka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pakangopita nthawi yochepa, vutoli lifika pamtunda.
- Mphamvu ndi mphamvu ya nthawi ya zotsatira. Kawirikawiri anthu pa nthawi izi pali kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya thupi.
- Kusokoneza mphamvu pa psyche. Munthu amene ali ndi vutoli sangathe kufufuza bwinobwino momwe zinthu zilili, kusintha kwake kwa kulingalira kwachepa kwambiri, kudziletsa kumachepetsedwa kufika pafupifupi zero.
- Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yamagetsi. Makhalidwe osalongosoka komanso osagwirizana.
- Kusintha kwa zamasamba - kofiira (blanching) khungu, kamwa youma, kusintha kwa mawu, arrhythmia ya kupuma, ndi zina zotero.
Zotsatira zomwe zingakhudzire zingakhale zoperewera zazing'ono kapena za amnesia.