Kodi feteleza angapange chiyani kuti akumbidwe m'dzinja?

Poti tapereka zokolola zabwino, nthaka yatha, kutaya zakudya zake zambiri, kotero kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira ndikofunika kwambiri kuzidzaza ndi zosowa zomwe zikusoweka, motero kukulitsa chonde ndi mwayi wanu wokolola bwino nyengo yotsatira. Kodi feteleza ndi chiyani chomwe chimapangidwa pansi pa kukumba - mu nkhani ino.

Manyowa osakaniza

Mavitrogeni m'nthaka amathandiza kwambiri, chifukwa amachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, motero amalimbikitsa chitukuko ndi kukula kwa chikhalidwe.

Zotsatirazi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa feteleza zopanda mphamvu:

1. Malita ahatchi . Chovala chokongoletserachi chimakhala ndi nayitrogeni m'nthaka m'nyengo yonseyi, kuwonongeka m'nyengo yozizira ndi kuigwiritsa ntchito ndi zinthu zofunikira. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano komanso mowaphika pamtunda wa makilogalamu 3 pa mamita. Nthawi zambiri ntchitoyi imadalira kubzala kwa nthaka ndipo ili ndi nthawi 1 zaka 1-2.
2. Zojambula za mbalame . Chovala chokongola kwambiri chokongoletsera, ndikukulitsa bwino nthaka. Pa mamita 1 a nthaka, 2 kg ya fetereza imagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi mu zaka 2-3.
3. Mullein. Anthu omwe akufuna chidwi ndi feteleza kuti apange m'dzinja pansi pa kukumba, ndi bwino kumvetsera izi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa nyengo. Pankhaniyi, mullein amapangidwa kuti asakanikizidwe ndi nthaka, kotero kuti palibe kutseguka kwa mpweya, chifukwa izi zingayambitse mpweya waukulu wa nayitrogeni. Yesani kuwerengera kwa makilogalamu 6 pa 1 mamita ndi kununkhiza.
4. Mineral feteleza - urea, ammonium sulfate, sodium nitrate, ammonia madzi. Kusakaniza kwa fetereza komwe kumatchedwa urea kumayambira pansi pa kukumba kwa autumn pa mlingo wa 15 g pa mamita. Pamwamba ndi dziko lapansi. Pogwiritsira ntchito feteleza feteleza, muyenera kutsatira mwatsatanetsatane malangizowo, mwinamwake mungathe kupeza zotsatira zosiyana ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwa kubzala.

Potash feteleza

Potaziyamu imatenga gawo mu mpweya ndi mapuloteni a kagayidwe kake, imayambitsa ubwino ndi kuchuluka kwa mbeu.

Manyowa a potashi ndi awa:

1. Phulusa . Ichi ndi nyambo yachitsulo, yomwe imapezeka ndi kutentha namsongole, masamba, etc. Zimalangizidwa kuzigwiritsira ntchito dongo ndi dothi lolemera pa mlingo wa magalasi 1-2 pa 1 m 2 ndifupipafupi kwa zaka 2-3. Kubwereza dothi ndilololedwa.
2. Zamchere feteleza - potaziyamu sulfate, potaziyamu kloride, cainite, calimagnesium . Kawirikawiri potaziyamu chloride imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mlingo wa 15-20 g pa 1 m². Chizolowezi cha ndalama zotsalacho chikhoza kuwonjezeka ndi 1.5-2 nthawi. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa kumatetezedwa - mpweya, magolovesi ndi magalasi.

Phosphate feteleza

Izi zimapangitsa kuti madzi aziyendera bwino, ndipo amachititsa kuti zomera zizikhala bwino, zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale yabwino, imayambitsa mavitamini ndi mavitamini.

Phosphoric feteleza ndi awa:

1. Chakudya cha mafupa . Kumayambiriro kwa feterezayi m'dzinja pansi pa kukumba kumapereka kufalikira padziko lapansi pamtunda wa 200 g pa 1 m².
2. Kompositi , yokhala ndi udzu, udzu, hawthorn, phulusa la mapiri, thyme.
3. Mchere wamchere - superphosphate, double superphosphate, precipitate . Anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi zomwe feteleza amapanga kuti azipange m'dzinja pansi pa kukumba, ndi bwino kudziwa kuti superphosphate imabalalika pamtunda wa 50 g pa 1 m². Nthawi zambiri zimakhala pamodzi ndi nitrogen yokonzekera. Zina ziwirizi zimaphatikizidwa ndi potashi kuti phosphorous isinthe.

Mitundu ina ya feteleza

Kuchokera ku feteleza zina za kugula kumatha kudziwika kuti utuchi. Amamasula nthaka yolemetsa ndikupanga zofunikira kuti apange tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kumapeto kwa nyengoyi mu mawonekedwe a manyowa amapangidwa ndi peat. Kuwonjezera apo, manyowa, phulusa, namsongole namsongole, ndi zina zotero zimapezeka mu chisakanizo. Peat imatayidwa ndi makulidwe olemera 4 makilogalamu pa 1 m 2 ndipo imatenthedwa pansi.