Kukula kwa broccoli, malamulo a zokolola zabwino

Broccoli ndi masamba a vitamini kwambiri, omwe amalawa m'njira zambiri amafanana ndi kolifulawa, koma mochuluka kwambiri kulolera. Pa nyengoyi, munthu sangathe kupeza mbewu imodzi koma masamba awiri a broccoli, pamene kukula sikuli kovuta - mbewuyo ndi yopanda ulemu. Kwa odya zakudya ndi zakudya zopanda thanzi popanda chopangira sangathe kuchita.

Kodi broccoli amakula kuti?

Kabichi ya Broccoli ndi kulima kwake zafala kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwapa. Amabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena m'mabedi otseguka m'munda. Pazomwe mwasankha, kusankha bwino kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndondomeko za chisamaliro ndizofunikira. Ndikofunikira kuti muthe kusankha mitunduyo mogwirizana ndi nyengo ya dera lanu. Mitundu yotereyi monga "Kaisara" ndi "Continental" imakula bwino mobisa m'mabedi komanso m'mabedi.

Kodi mungakonde bwanji broccoli m'munda?

Ngakhale zimadziwika za kuzizira kwa broccoli, kulima kabichi kotseguka si koyenera kwa zigawo zonse. Maganizo a kufesa mbewu pa kama - mapeto a May. Nthaka iyenera kutenthedwa mpaka 20 ° C. Manyowa otsatirawa ayenera kufikitsidwa patsogolo:

• chodetsa;
• mtengo;
• urea ;
• superphosphate .

Mbewu ziyenera kukonzedwa bwino musanafese. Chitani izi molingana ndi ndondomeko yotsatirayi:

1. Timayika mbewu kwa mphindi 15 m'madzi ofunda (50 ° С).
2. Timawabatiza kwa mphindi imodzi m'madzi ozizira.
3. Timakonza usiku (maola 12) ndi njira yothetsera zinthu.
4. Sambani bwinobwino mbewu.
5. Ife timayika mu firiji kwa tsiku.
6. Dya izo.

Kuwonjezera pa kufesa mwachindunji mbewu pa kama, chisanadze kulima mbande mu mabokosi akuchitidwa. Kukonzekera kwa mbeu mu nkhani iyi ndi chimodzimodzi ndi zomwe zili pamwambapa. Bzalani mabokosi ndi nthaka yokonzedwa bwino (nkhuni, peat ndi mchenga), kutetezedwa ku disinfected ndi potassium permanganate. Pa tsiku la 3-4th, mbande zoyamba zimawoneka, ndipo patatha masiku makumi anayi (40) zikhoza kubzalidwa pamalo osatha, ndikuwona chida chodzala cha 20x50 cm.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yotseguka:

• "Varus";
• "Green Favorite";
• The Emperor;
• "Corvette";
• "Comanche";
• "Lucky";
• Marathon.

Kukula broccoli mu wowonjezera kutentha

Amene ali ndi malo obiriwira amakhala ndi chidwi ndi funso lachilengedwe la momwe angamerekere broccoli mu nthaka yotentha yotetezedwa. Kukonzekera kwa mbeu yobzala ndi kukula kwa mbande ndi chimodzimodzi ndi momwe zakhalira pabedi lotseguka. Kukonzekera kukula broccoli mu wowonjezera kutentha mu njira ya mmera, mbewu zimabzalidwa kwa miyezi 1-1.5 musanadzale pa malo osatha. Mabedi mu wowonjezera kutentha amadzazidwa ndi organic ndi mchere feteleza kuyambira autumn. Nthaka ikhale yopanda ndale kapena yowonjezera pang'ono. Kumayambiriro kwa masika, nthaka imayaka ndi nayitrogeni feteleza .

Mitundu yabwino ya broccoli ya kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha:

• "Tone";
• "Lazaro";
• "Vitamini";
• "Continental";
• "Kaisara";
• «F1 - Broccoli».

Zomwe zimakulira broccoli

Mofanana ndi mitundu ina ya kabichi, broccoli, kulima kwake ndi chisamaliro zili ndi zizindikiro zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa ngati mukufuna kupeza zotsatira zabwino:

1. Broccoli ndi wonyansa komanso wachikondi. Kutentha kwa nthaka zonse ndi mpweya n'kofunika pano. Nthaka yomwe ili pansi pake iyenera kukhala yosakanizidwa ndi 70%, ndi kutentha kwa mpweya - 85%. Mutu wa broccoli, mosiyana ndi caulifulawa, susowa kuti ukhale wobisika.
2. Ngakhale kulipira kwa ozizira ndi kukana kutentha, zabwino zokolola za broccoli zimapereka, pamtundu wina wa kutentha kwabwino - kuyambira 16 mpaka 20 ° C.
3. Pakuti broccoli, kutsegula kosatha kwa nthaka ndi kofunika - nthaka iyenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira, wosawerengedwera.

Broccoli kabichi mbewu

Dziko lapansi la mbande za broccoli likhoza kugulidwa, ndipo mukhoza kukonzekera. Pochita izi, mosamala kusakaniza ndulu, humus, phulusa ndi mchenga. Iyenera kukhala gawo lotayirira komanso lowala, lomwe ndilobwino kwa madzi, popeza kuti sizingatheke kulandira mpweya - kabichi akhoza kutenga mwendo wakuda . Pankhaniyi, kabichi amakonda chinyezi. Acidity iyenera kukhala yosavomerezeka kapena yopanda ndale. Mowa wabwino kwambiri wa broccoli amatha kuwononga nthaka.

Kuti mupereke yankho lokwanira pa funso la momwe mungamerekere kabichiki kabichi ndikupeza zokolola zambiri kuchokera kwa izo, m'pofunika kuthana ndi vuto la nthaka feteleza. Kuyambira m'dzinja, organic ndi mineral feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamabedi pamlingo wa makilogalamu 5 pa mita imodzi. Musanayambe kubzala mosayenera, muyenera kuwonjezera nayitrogeni feteleza ku mabedi, kuchepetsa bwino, ndi kumasula nthaka kuti lipindule nthaka ndi mpweya - zonsezi zidzathandiza kwambiri kukonza kabichi. Okonzeratu bwino a broccoli ndi kaloti, mbatata, nyemba.

Home broccoli kukula - kuthirira

Imodzi mwa nthawi zofunika kwambiri poyankha funsoli, momwe mungamerekere broccoli m'dzikoli, ndikumwa kuthirira. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malamulo a chinyezi. Kuthirira kumakhala koyenera, komanso kokwanira kuti pakhale chinyezi m'nthaka. Ngati kuthirira ndi kovuta, kabichi amatenga phesi lakuda. Ngati chinyezi sichikwanira, izi zimakhudza ubwino wa mitu - zimasanduka nsomba. Pamodzi ndi izi, ndikofunika kuti dothi likhale lopangidwa kuchokera ku chinyezi nthawi zonse kumasula. Nthawi iliyonse pambuyo kuthirira, nthaka imasulidwa ku kuya kwa masentimita 8. Njira zoterozo zimapereka zotsatira zabwino.

Kodi kubzala kabichi broccoli?

Okonda broccoli amakula pambewu ndi mmera. Mulimonse momwe mungasankhire, choyamba muyenera kukonzekera bwino mbewu. Kukonzekera kwakonzekera kunanenedwa pamwambapa, ndi koyenera njira iliyonse yobzala. Gawo ili ndi lofunika kwambiri, monga momwe kukonzekera kwa gawo lapansi kumakhalira. Pansipa tiwone momwe tingamere mbewu za broccoli ndi mbande.

Kodi mungakonde bwanji broccoli kumbewu?

Ngati mukufuna kuyesa mbeu ya kubzala broccoli, kulima kudzaphatikizapo zotsatirazi: m'mabedi okonzeka, omangidwa, omasuka ndi osungunuka, mbeu zowonongeka zimabzalidwa mogwirizana ndi dongosolo la 20x50. Njira yothirira ulimi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kachiwiri kawiri ka broccoli (2 ndipo nthawi zina nthawi yachitatu mu nyengo). Kubzala broccoli mutakula kuchokera ku mbewu kukuthandizani kuti mupeze mbewu yobereka mpaka kugwa. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kubzala batchi pakatha masabata atatu m'malo mosonkhanitsa, kukulitsa nthawi yokolola ndikuwonjezera voliyumu.

Mbeu za broccoli - kulima

Kotero, tafika momwe tingabzalitsire broccoli pamalo otseguka kudzera mu mbande. Kukonzekera kumaphatikizapo kusakaniza mu ofanana mbali mchenga, turf ndi turf. Gululi liyenera kutsanulidwa ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mbewu zowonongeka zimatsekedwa mabokosi ndi nthaka mozama 0.8-1 masentimita. Pambuyo kufesa mbewu, malo otentha amatha kukhala pa + 20 ° C.

Pamene kutuluka kwa mphukira, kutentha kumachepetsedwa kufika ku 10 ° C, ndipo patatha sabata imakwezedwa ku 14-16 ° C masana, usiku kutentha kumafunika + 9 ° C. Ngati mbande imakula pamtentha pamwamba pa 20 ° C, izi zidzatsimikizira kuti mituyo iyamba kupanga nthawi yambiri. Zowonjezera zofunikira zowunika kuchuluka kwa dothi la chinyezi - zimakhudza kwambiri chinyontho cha chinyezi ndi madzi, komanso kusowa kwake.

Mukhoza kuyesa mbande ali ndi zaka 12-14. Pambuyo pake, kutentha kumatha kufika ku 21 ° C, koma mpaka mphindi yokhalapo. Kenaka imakhalanso ndi 17 ° C masana komanso 9 ° C usiku. Masabata angapo asanalowere nthaka, mbande ayamba kuzoloŵera dzuwa ndi mphepo. Ndi kubwera ndi bwino kuti pasachedwe, chifukwa kutentha kwa mpweya pamsewu kudzatsogolera ku kabichi. Mukhoza kubzala mbande mumsewu ali ndi zaka 35-45. Ngati nyengo ili yabwino kapena muli ndi wowonjezera kutentha, mukhoza kuchita kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May.

Mbali za broccoli

Amene anali ndi chidwi ndi agrotechnics za chikhalidwechi amadziwa za broccoli - kukula kumatheka ngakhale pa khonde kapena loggia. Ndi kutentha kwabwino, kuwala ndi chinyezi, pali mwayi uliwonse wosonkhanitsa zokolola zabwino popanda kusiya nyumba. Nazi zinsinsi za kukula kabichili kabichi kunyumba ndi kumunda:

1. Pofuna kupewa imfa ya mbande kuchokera ku mwendo wakuda ndi powdery mildew , ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mbeu zomwe zimatulutsidwa ndi matenda a fungicides, komanso kugwiritsira ntchito pepala lachitsulo logulidwa.
2. Pa mmera, simusowa kudyetsa kabichi ndi organic. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza feteleza mu mawonekedwe a makoswe.
3. Mofanana ndi kabichi yonse, broccoli imayankha bwino kuthirira mbande ndi calcium nitrate. Chitani bwino mu sabata musanafike pansi komanso patangotha ​​sabata mutatha. Mukhozanso kuyidyetsa ndi zovuta zowonongeka ndi boron ndi molybdenum.
4. Kusamalira mobwerezabwereza mutabzala pansi kabichi kumakhala nthawi zonse kupalira, kumasula, kudyetsa, kudyetsa ndi kukonza kuchokera ku tizirombo.
5. Ndi bwino kumwa madzi a broccoli kamodzi masiku awiri, komanso nthawi yotentha - kawiri pa tsiku. Nthaka pansi pa kabichi nthawi zonse iyenera kuthiridwa mozama masentimita 15. Madzi abwino madzulo, atatha kumasulidwa, kuti athetse kuvunda kwa mizu.
6. Kupaka kwapamwamba kumachitika katatu pa nyengo. Zoyamba ziwiri zimakhala ndi kusakaniza kwa manyowa a ng'ombe ndi zitosi za mbalame. Tulutsani organics diluted pambuyo rooting mbewu mmunda ndi kusiyana kwa masabata awiri. Chakudya chachitatu chikuchitika kumayambiriro kwa mapangidwe a inflorescence. Kwa iye atenge izi - superphosphate 40 g, potaziyamu sulphate 10 g ndi ammonium nitrate 20 g, sungunulani madzi 10 malita a madzi ndi kabichi.
7. Chitetezo cha achinyamata kabichi ku cruciferous utitiri - mdani wambiri wa kabichi - ndikuphimba munda ndi nsalu yopanda nsalu. Musanayambe kupanga inflorescences, mukhoza kutsuka broccoli ndi Iskra. Mitu ikayamba kupanga, mukhoza kuwawaza ndi phulusa ndi phulusa.
8. Musathamangitse kuchotsa chomera m'munda mwamsanga mutatha kudula mutu, monga broccoli imakula msanga, yomwe imakulimbikitsani kuti mukhale ndi mbewu zina.

Kukula broccoli "Kaisara"

Zosiyana "Kaisara" zimatanthawuzira pakati pa kucha. Kabichi wa zosiyanasiyanazi ndi mutu waukulu komanso wandiweyani wa mtundu wobiriwira ndi mtundu wofiirira. The osalimba kabichi kufanana ndi wachikuda kabichi. Broccoli "Kaisara", kufesa kwake ndi kulima zimapangidwa ndi mmera njira ndikufesa mbewu kumtunda. Chifukwa cha kusakaniza kochezeka ndi kukolola kwa nyengo, mungapeze mbewu ziwiri panthawi.

Kukula broccoli "Tonus"

Mitundu ya broccoli "Tonus" imatanthawuza kucha kucha. Kuphulika kumachitika pa masiku 60-90 kutuluka. Mitu yake imakula mofulumira komanso amicably. Iwo amadziwika ndi sing'anga wambiri, mtundu wawo ndi wobiriwira. Momwe mungamerekere broccoli kunyumba: mukhoza kutero kupyolera mu mbeu makumi asanu ndi limodzi (45) kapena kutsogolera mbewu mwachindunji. Zokolola za zosiyanasiyana ndi 2 kg pa mita imodzi.

Kukula broccoli "Linda"

Kabichi kabichi "Linda" ndi kulima kwake kumapangidwa ndi mmera ndi mbande. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yachisamba - kuchapa kwadongosolo kumatenga masiku 90-100 mutangoyamba kumene kulima. Mitu ya kabichi ndi yobiriwira ndipo ndi yaikulu kwambiri. Chotsani chapakati, kuyembekezerani kukonzanso njira zowonjezeramo - mudzasangalala ndi mitu sikisi yambiri.

Broccoli kabichi "Fortuna" - kulima

Broccoli "Fortune" amatanthauza mitundu yochepetsera. Imakhala ndi rosette yapamwamba ya masamba ndi imvi yobiriwira mutu wa sing'anga. Njira yamakono yokula broccoli ndi yofanana ndi mitundu ina - ndizotheka kuti mbeu ndi mbeu zimatha. Bzalani mbeu pabedi likhoza kukhala pambuyo poopsezedwa ndi chisanu, ndiko-kumapeto kwa May. Mukhoza kubzala mbande pakati pa mwezi wa April.