Kulingalira ndi lingaliro, maganizo ndi malingaliro opambana, opatsidwa mphamvu zowonjezereka, zokhudzana ndi munthu amene akulimbana ndi iyeyo ndi ena omwe amamuzungulira. Kulingalira kwa ubale, ana, maluso kumayambitsa kuvutika.
Kodi lingaliro limatanthauza chiyani?
Kulingalira ndi lingaliro lomwe limaphatikizapo kutengeka, malingaliro a munthu pa momwe angakhalire weniweni, pomwe pali zinthu zomwe zilipo, anthu ali ndi katundu, zikhalidwe, zimakhala zabwino kwambiri kuposa momwe zilili. Mu sayansi, njira ya kulingalira imatanthauzira mtundu wina wa zovomerezeka zaumulungu ndi zinthu zosiyana, powerenga nthawi zonse. Kulingalira mu filosofi ankaganiziridwa ndi oganiza monga chilengedwe cha chilengedwe cha malingaliro aumunthu, kumene gawo lothandizira liri loyamba lokongola lopatsidwa chiwonongeko chokhalitsa.
Idealization mu psychology
Kuzindikira ndi kuchepa ndizochitika zomwe zimayendera limodzi m'maganizo. Psychoanalysis imaona kuti chidziwitso ndicho chitetezo, chomwe ena amati ndi abwino komanso angwiro. Njirayi imayambira ali mwana, pamene ana amazindikira makolo awo ngati ziphona, superhumans. Pokhala wamkulu, munthu yemwe amawatsimikizira anthu amamangamira pa maubwenzi, maganizo a anthu ena. Kulingalira kungayambike mulimonse mwa magawo a moyo, kuchokera pa ichi palibe amene ali ndi chitetezo.
Idealization in Sociology
Kulingalira kwa malingaliro ake mu chikhalidwe cha anthu kumadalira kuti lingaliro laumunthu limapangitsa ntchito yodziwa, yopindulitsa ndipo izi zimasiyanitsa izo ndi nyama. Kukwanitsa kulingalira momwe chinthu kapena chinthu chidzawoneka choyenera chimasonyezedwa ndi akatswiri a zachikhalidwe cha anthu monga maganizo. Ntchito iliyonse yowonjezera ili ndi lingaliro la zomwe wina akufuna kuti atenge zotsatira. Chifukwa cha oganiza bwino, apainiya, asayansi, anthu amasintha ndikuyamba - izi sizingatheke ngati anthu sanayesetse kukhala abwino.
Kulingalira muzojambula
Zolinga zamitundu yosiyanasiyana muzojambula zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri: zimathandiza kukweza munthu pamwamba pa moyo wamba. Chithunzi chojambula, kaya m'mabuku kapena zojambula bwino, chimasonyeza chabwino chomwe chiri chikhalidwe cha nthawi inayake ndipo chimachokera pazigawo zotsatirazi:
- chidziwitso ndichokhazikika;
- wokongola - wonyansa;
- ulemu - ulemu ndi umoyo;
- aesthetics - zonyansa.
M'mabuku ndi luso, kulingalira kumathandiza kuti zongoganizira zisinthe komanso kukhala mbali ya izi. Zojambula zenizeni zimakhala ndi maganizo, ndizosiyana, chifukwa zithunzi zomwe zimachokera ku chidziwitso ndi kutuluka mu mawonekedwe a zithunzi kapena zolemba ntchito zimalimbikitsa dziko lino. Koma ndizofunikira kusiyanitsa luso lopangidwa ndi zojambulajambula zochokera ku malingaliro, choyamba chimakankhira pamtanda, mwachidule.
Kulingalira mu sayansi
Chifaniziro cha chinachake mwa mawonekedwe apamwamba, mmalo mwake chiri chenichenicho, chiri chikhalidwe cha sayansi. Kusiyanitsa ndi kulingalira ndizo njira zovomerezeka zogwirizana ndi sayansi iliyonse. Mwachitsanzo, mu masamu, chitsanzo cha masamu chimapangidwa kuti chifufuzidwe, chomwe chiri chosavuta kwambiri. Ndege yamakono imayimilidwa ngati yowona popanda kupotoka. Physics ndi sayansi zina zachilengedwe zimagwiritsanso ntchito lingaliro, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aphunzire maonekedwe a chinthu.
Zitsanzo za malingaliro kuchokera ku moyo
Kupereka kofunika kwambiri ndi khalidwe la anthu onse. Zikhulupiriro zolakwika zokhudzana ndi kugonana, ndalama, ubale, maluso ndi zinthu zina zimapangitsa munthu kuvutika ndikumverera kuti sakulakwira bwino moyo, wosadziwika. Zitsanzo za malingaliro:
- munthu ayenera kukhala wabwino, woyera;
- Kugonana sikuyenera kukhala kosayenera;
- thupi lochepa chabe ndi lokongola;
- mabwenzi apamtima anzanu ayenera kukhulupirira wina ndi mzake;
- "Chipembedzo changa" ndicho cholondola kwambiri.
Kuzindikira maluso
Njira yokonzekera imaphatikizapo kumanga malingaliro a zinthu, zochitika, ndipo zimakhala zosavuta komanso zosavuta kuti zigwirizane ndi momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito zinthu zonse. Kulingalira kwa luso kumasonyeza kuti munthu ali ndi chidaliro chodalira munthu kuti apambane popanda kuthandizidwa ndi wina, amamanga mapulani akuluakulu, samvetsera maganizo ndi uphungu wokwanira, amadzikuza ndi anthu omwe atha kale kukwaniritsa njirayi, komabe akugwira ntchitoyi. Moyo umasokoneza malingaliro awa: ndondomeko zazikulu zathyoledwa, zopambana sizodziwika.
Malingaliro oyenerera pa kulingalira kwa luso:
- "Ndikanadapambana kale ngati sindinagwire nawo mawilo, dziko lonse lidawoneka kuti likutsutsana nane!";
- "Zonse kapena ayi! Zochepa, sindigwirizana! ";
- "Ndinabadwira zinthu zazikulu!";
- "Ndikudziwa bwino!";
- "Palibe amene angachite bwino kuposa ine!".
Kuzindikira kugonana
Kulingalira za maubwenzi a anthu kumakhala ntchito yoipa, kwa akazi ndi amuna. Chifaniziro cha zabwino, chokonzedwa powerenga mabuku achikondi sichilola kuti ubale weniweni uchitike, kapena ngati izi zichitika, munthu weniweni adzatayika kwa mwamuna kapena mkazi wabwino, zomwe zimadzetsa kusungulumwa . Kodi kulingalira kwa kugonana kumadziwonetsera bwanji:
- pali malingaliro opambana kwambiri okhudza momwe wokondedwa ayenera kuchita pazifukwa zina;
- muukwati sayenera kukhala wosakhulupirika, chinyengo;
- mwamuna ayenera kulingalira nthawi yoyamba, chifukwa chake maganizo ake a mkazi ndi oipa, zomwe iye akufuna, zomwe iye amakhumudwa nazo;
- Mayi ayenera kukomana ndi mwamuna wake tsiku ndi tsiku, kukonda, ngakhale ali ndi mavuto;
- m'banja losagwirizana musafuule, musalumbire ndipo musamenyetse mbale.
Kulingalira kwa amayi
Zifukwa zomwe zimakhazikitsira amayi zimakhalapo m'mbuyomo mwa amayi ndipo amanena kuti ubwana sizinali zopanda malire poyerekeza amayi ake ndi amayi ena, mwachitsanzo, abwenzi apamtima, mtsikana angathe kusankha kuti mayi wina ali wololera komanso wokoma mtima kuposa iyeyo, ndipo maganizo ake ndi olembedwa panthawi yomwe msungwanayo akuyendera ndikuwona zochitika zogawanika, kuganizira mutu wake fanizo la mayi wabwino, omwe chithunzi cha mayi weniweni sichigwira, ndipo mtsikanayo amasankha kukhala mayi woterowo Tsogolo la ana.
Kulingalira kwa amayi kukhala ndi zambiri ndipo kungaphatikizepo lingaliro lofunika kwambiri: mkazi sangakwaniritsidwe bwinobwino popanda kudzizindikira yekha mu umayi, chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe chiyenera kuchitika kwa mkazi ndi kukhala mayi. N'zosavuta kuona pamene mayi ayesa kutenga mimba mwa njira iliyonse mpaka IVF, koma sakupeza, atangomusiya kuti sakuyenera kukhala mayi, amamulera. Koma palinso kuti sikuti amayi onse amabadwira kukhala amayi, kukana lingaliro limeneli munthu akhoza kuona kufunika kwake mu chinthu chinanso.
Kukonzekera zakale
Zolingalira za dziko lapansi ndi njira zomwe zinalili kale zimayesedwa ndi okalamba monga chinthu chabwino, choyera ndi chokongola, ndi moyo wamakono monga kukonda kwathunthu, kunyenga ndi manja a anthu oipa. Lingaliro la nthawi zakale lakhalapo nthawizonse. Nchifukwa chiyani ichi chikuchitika? Nthawi zambiri anthu amakhala ndi zokumbukila, ndipo zambiri zosangalatsa zimakumbukira nthawi zambiri. Ngakhale kuti zovutazo zinali zovuta komanso zovuta, munthu amatha kukumbukira momwe adachokera, anakumana ndi anthu abwino, okondedwa ake.
Kodi mungachotse bwanji maganizo anu?
Kuchotsa malo ofunika komanso okwera mtengo, malingaliro ndi ovuta komanso opweteka. Nthawi zambiri moyo umasonyeza kuti zolinga sizingatheke, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti zinthu zenizeni zimakhala zokongola kwambiri komanso zosangalatsa kuposa zongopeka - chifukwa moyo weniweniwo sungagwirizane ndi chikhalidwe chilichonse. Anthu amoyo ndi zofooka zawo ndizokongola kwambiri kuposa fano lokongoletsedwera pamutu.
Kodi mulipo malangizo othandiza kuti musamangoganizira za munthu? Malangizo ngati amenewa sapezeka, ndipo amachititsa chimodzi, china chimayambitsa chionetsero, komabe palinso zifukwa zomwe zimathandizira kuthetseratu zolinga:
- Mndandanda wa kudziwonera nokha . Yambani kujambula zochitika zanu pazinthu zofunika. N'zotheka kugawa mapepala awiri, poyesa kufotokozera zomwe zinachitikira, mu yankho lachiwiri momwe liyenera kukhalira, kotero kuti chochitika ichi sichinali. Patapita kanthawi mukhoza kusanthula diary ndikuwona malingaliro omwe mumawakonda kwambiri.
- Makhalidwe abwino ndi kuseketsa . "Moyo wonse ndi masewera, ndipo anthu mmenemo ndi ochita masewero." Mawu ozoloŵera omwe sanatayike kufunikira kwa mbiri yakale ya anthu. Mukhoza kuyitanira moyo ku bwalo lamilandu. Winawake akuvutika ndi matenda akuluakulu, ndipo amafunikira owonetsera, wina yemwe ali ngati wotaya. Ndikofunika kuyesa kuzindikira udindo wanu: "Ndine ndani, clown, tragedian, Lovelace?" Kuwona ndi kuseka: "Ndiwe wojambula wokongola bwanji!". Moyo umakhala wochuluka kwambiri, ndipo mwa kutsatira ziganizo zina zokhazikika zomwe munthu sangathe kuziganizira kusintha ndi kukwaniritsa zolinga.
- Kuyamikira . Zindikirani ndikupatsani malo, zikomo chifukwa chazochitikira zomwe mukuzidziwa ndikuzisiya. Mungathe ngakhale kuchita mwambo, kotero kuti mu malingaliro osadziwika, mwachitsanzo, mipira yomwe ili kumwamba kuti imasulire, lolani kuti malingaliro abwere ndi kusankha kwake, momwe zingakhalire zosamveka.