Simungathe ngakhale kulingalira kuti pali mabakiteriya angati osiyanasiyana. Madokotala mosavuta anaganiza kuti awagawire iwo onse m'magulu akulu awiri: galama-hasi ndi mabakiteriya abwino. Kusiyanitsa tizilombo toyipa motsatira njira ya Gram. Mfundo ya njirayi imadalira kuwonongeka kwa mabakiteriya ndi mankhwala apadera.
Mabakiteriya ambiri a Gram-positive
Gram-positive ndi mabakiteriya omwe, atatha kudetsedwa molingana ndi njira ya Gram, amakhala amdima-¬ violet. Amakhala ndi kubereka m'thupi, zamoyo ndi anthu. Mofanana ndi mabakiteriya ena ambiri, oimira gulu la gram-positive angathe kukhalapo ndi munthuyo, popanda kumuvulaza, malinga ngati akulepheretsanso kubereka. Zomwe zamoyo zowonongeka zikhoza kupeza mwayi wochulukitsa, iwo adzazigwiritsira ntchito.
Mabakiteriya othandizidwa ndi gram ndi awa:
- staphylococci;
- mycobacteria;
- Listeria;
- peptococci;
- chiwonetsero;
- chithandizo;
- clostridia;
- streptococci ;
- lactobacilli ndi ena.
Zina mwazirombozi zimatchulidwa monga mabakiteriya a gram-positive anaerobic. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timadziwika ndi mfundo yakuti ali ndi mphamvu yopulumuka kumene palibe mpweya wabwino umene umaperekedwa. Koma mu mpweya wabwino amafa pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo. Ena mwa magulu a tizilombo ta gram-positive amatha kupanga spores (mwachitsanzo, clostridia).
Chithandizo cha matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya a Gram
Posakhalitsa kulimbana ndi mabakiteriya kumayambika, mofulumira, mopanda phokoso komanso moyenera. Monga momwe chiwonetsero chimasonyezera, zogwira mtima zitha kungoganiziridwa njira yokha yachipatala, kuphatikizapo antibiotics. Mankhwalawa amathandizira kuwononga mabakiteriya onse ndi kubwezeretsa thupi pambuyo pa zotsatira zake.
Mabakiteriya abwino omwe amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi amatha kuchiritsidwa motere:
- beta-lactam;
- macrodes ;
- oxazolidinoni ndi ena.
Vuto lalikulu ndilo kuti mabakiteriya aphunzira kusinthira mankhwala ambiri. Ndipo motero, mankhwala opha tizilombo a tizilombo tina tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Masiku ano, chitukuko chatsopano cha mankhwala atsopano chikuchitika. Zina mwa zothandiza kwambiri zamakono zamakono:
- Daptomycin;
- Quinupristin;
- Tajciclin.