Mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mafunde

Mankhwala othandizidwa ndi mafilimu ndi njira imodzi yabwino kwambiri yothandizira khansa zosiyanasiyana. Zimachokera ku maizoni a ionic, omwe amapangidwa ndi zipangizo zapadera ndi gwero lamphamvu la radioactive. Sikuti kumathandiza kuchepetsa chotupacho kukula, komanso kuchotsa zonsezo.

Mitundu yothandizira ma radiation

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa chiwonetsero, chifukwa chimapangitsa "kumenya" pamimba. Maselo a kansa amatha kuika ma radiation. Ngati zitsitsimutsidwa, zimagawidwa mwachangu ndipo kusintha kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kumaphatikizapo chotupa, ndipo ziwiya zomwe zimadyetsa zimakhala zochepa. Chifukwa chake, amamwalira. Pachifukwa ichi, maselo ozoloŵera sadziwa kwenikweni kutentha kwa dzuwa, kotero musavutike nazo.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mazira:

1. Kutalika - kutsekemera kwapadera kumachitika pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pakhungu.
2. Lumikizanani - chipangizocho chili pamtunda.
3. Kupanga mankhwala - chipangizocho chimayikidwa mwachindunji ku gulu lovulala (mwachitsanzo, chiwindi, chiberekero, kachilombo ).
4. Zovuta - magwero a miyendo ya radioactive imayikidwa mu chotupacho.

Mtundu uliwonse wa zitsulo zoterezi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yokhayo ya mankhwala kapena nthawi zina (chemotherapy kapena intervention intervention). Kawirikawiri, mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mazira akugwiritsidwa ntchito atatha opaleshoni kupha maselo otsala a khansa, kapena opaleshoni yisanayambe kuti athe kuchepetsa kukula kwa chotupacho. Njira yamagetsi imatha kuperekedwa kuti khansa imabwererenso patapita nthawi yayitali kapena yaitali.

Ndani sali woyenerera kuti azitha kuchipatala?

Mankhwalawa amachititsa mavuto ambiri. Kuwonjezera apo, matumbo a epithelium ndi ma hematopoietic dongosolo ndi hypersensitive to irradiation. Nthawi zina, thupi likachiritsidwa pambuyo poti mankhwalawa atha kukhala ovuta kwambiri kapena ovuta kwambiri, mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo udzakhala woipitsitsa. Choncho, kutentha kwa dzuwa sikungatheke ndi:

• anafotokoza zoledzeretsa zakumwa;
• malungo;
• kuwonongeka kwa chotupa chophweteka, chomwe chimaphatikizapo kutuluka magazi kapena hemoptysis;
• cachexia;
• Kumera kwa chotupa mu ziwiya zazikulu kapena ziwalo zopanda;
• khansara yambiri;
• miyambo yambiri;
• magazi;
• leukopenia ;
• thrombocytopenia.

Mankhwalawa amatsutsana kwambiri ndi omwe ali ndi matenda akuluakulu kuphatikizapo chotupa:

• myocardial infarction;
• kuperewera kwa kupuma;
• TB yamagazi, ndi zina zotero.

Zotsatira za mankhwala opangira ma radiation

Pakati pazitsulo zakutali zotulutsa mavenda wodwalayo wodwalayo amawonekera:

• kuyabwa;
• kuyanika;
• kuyang'ana khungu.

Nthawi zambiri pamutu ndi pamutu, tsitsi limatuluka mwa odwala ndipo kumva kumasokonezeka, nthawi zina pamakhala phokoso pammero, kupweteka pakamwa ndi kumeza. Zotsatira za radiotherapy, zomwe zimayambitsa ziwalo mu thoracic cavity, ndi zolemetsa. Odwala amakhala ndi chifuwa chouma, kupuma pang'ono ndi kupsinjika kwa minofu.

Zotsatira zamagetsi pa ziwalo za m'mimba zingayambitse:

• kupweteka;
• kuchepetsa chilakolako;
• kuphwanya kukodza.

Odwala ambiri amamva kupwetekedwa mtima, kutsekula m'mimba ndi kusanza. Mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mazira am'mimba amachititsa kuti asinthe kutupa kwa khungu, minofu ndi chifuwa.

Pamene mankhwalawa akuphatikizidwa ndi chemotherapy, neutropenia imawonedwa - kuchepa kwakukulu mu msinkhu wa leukocyte. Mankhwala opanga mavitamini angayambitse cystitis ndi kupangitsa cardiotoxicity. Kuchokera ku zotsatira zomalizira, chofala kwambiri ndi:

• khungu;
• kuchepetsa kukula kapena kupweteka kwakukulu kwa fupa;
• ziwonongeko za zitsulo zamakono;
• asymmetry ya mbali iliyonse ya thupi.