Mmene mungachotsere kangaude - njira zabwino kwambiri

Zomera zimakhala zovuta kuti ziwonongeke ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, zomwe sizingangowonjezera mkhalidwe wawo, komanso zimawawononga. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe angachotsere kangaude, chifukwa ndi owopsa ndipo akhoza kuvulaza kwambiri. Pali njira zingapo zothandiza kuthana nayo.

Kodi kangaude amawoneka bwanji?

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amatha kukhala pa mbewu zambiri ndifotokozera za kangaude. Zizindikiro zazikulu zikuphatikizapo mfundo zotsatirazi:

1. Vuto ndilokuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi ochepa kwambiri komanso kovuta kuona ndi maso. Kutalika kwa akazi ndi 0.4-0.6 mm, ndipo amuna ndi ofunika kwambiri.
2. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timakhala ndi thupi limodzi ndipo timakhala tating'ono kuchokera pansi. Zimatanthawuza kuyamwitsa ana.
3. Mphutsi ya kangaude imakhala yoonekera, koma pambaliyi ili ndi mdima waukulu. Mankhupakupi akuluakulu amajambulidwa mumdima wofiira kapena lalanje.

Zizindikiro za kugonjetsedwa ndi kangaude

Pamene tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala pa chomera, pakapita nthawi padzakhala timadontho tating'onoting'ono pamasamba oyera kapena achikasu. Zimapangidwa chifukwa cha ziphuphu zamkati. Pakapita kanthawi, pamene nyamakazi ikufalikira, masamba amatala mtundu wawo ndi kukhala wouma, ndipo ukonde wa kangaude umapangidwa. Nkhumba pamasamba zimadyetsa madzi, choncho pa zikhalidwe zomwe zili ndi cuticle, sizikhazikika. Ngati tizilombo timapezeka pamphukira, zimakhala zovunda, zamatope komanso mwamsanga.

N'chifukwa chiyani pali kangaude?

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingayambitse maonekedwe a tizilombo:

1. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikhoza kukhala pamtengo watsopano, wogula m'sitolo kapena pamalo ena alionse.
2. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zowonjezereka - kang'anga wa kangaude inagwa m'nyumba kuchokera mumsewu. Tizilombo timene timakhala pa mitengo.
3. Pali nthawi imene mite ili pansi ndipo chifukwa cha nyengo youma panyumba imadzuka ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito. Dziwani kuti mphutsi zikhoza kukhalapo m'nthaka mpaka zaka zisanu.

Zithandizo Zamankhwala za Nthata Zangaude

Kwa zaka zambiri, kuchotsa tizirombo zosiyanasiyana, njira zosiyanasiyana zosiyana siyana, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotetezeka kwa anthu. Tiyeni tione njira zingapo zomwe tingathetsere nkhanza za akangaude mosavuta:

1. Mankhwalawa amachititsa mantha kwambiri, choncho yesetsani kuthirira chomeracho mochuluka, ndikuphimba ndi paketi kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha. Ndikofunika kuti izi zisawononge mphika ku dzuwa. Mpweya wobiriwira suyenera kukhala wotalika kuposa maola atatu.
2. Garlic amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga njira zothandiza polimbana ndi kangaude. Ndikofunika kufinya 250 g wa masamba kutsanulira ndi 10 malita a madzi ndikupita kuti mupatse tsiku. Pa sitepe yotsatira, yesani kulowetsedwa ndi kutsanulira masamba pambali. Pambuyo pa tsiku, ndondomekoyi imabwerezedwa, koma kulowetsedwa kwinakwake kumafunika kukonzekera, yomwe 1 kg ya celandine imatsanuliridwa mu malita atatu a madzi otentha ndikuumiriza maola 24. Pambuyo pake, madzi amawonjezeredwa, motero, 10 malita amapezeka. Zidzakhala zosasankhidwa ndipo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kutaya kusinthana tsiku ndi tsiku. Pochotsa vutoli, nkofunika kuti muyambe njira zitatu.
3. Njira zina zowonjezera zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta oyenera a rosemary, madontho ochepa omwe amawonjezera madzi okwanira 1 litre. Njirayi imasakanikirana ndipo masamba amachotsedwa.
4. Kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito sopo yotsuka. Ndikofunika koyamba lather siponji, ndiyeno, yendani kudutsa masamba onse ndi nthambi. Pamene chithovu chimakhala bwino, ndibwino. Mphika ndi palulo zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe. Siyani zonse kwa maola 3-4 ndikutsuka sopo. Pambuyo pake, zindikirani chitsamba ndi phukusi kwa tsiku, popanda kuyembekezera mpaka madzi atuma. Ngati zomera zambiri ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono ali ndi kachilombo, kupopera mbewu ndi madzi sosa kumalimbikitsidwa.

"Sopo wobiriwira" kuchokera ku kangaude wa kangaude

Ndi madzi obiriwira a mtundu wobiriwira kapena wofiirira, umene umakhala ndi fungo la sopo. Mbali yake yaikulu ndi salt ya potaziyamu ya mafuta acids. Zikuonekeratu kuti izi zimasakaniza, koma zimakhala ndi soapy guluu. Kulimbana ndi kangaude pogwiritsa ntchito "sopo wobiriwira" kumaphatikizapo kupopera mbewu, kenako chilengedwe chimazungulira malo omwe amachiza, omwe salola kuti tizilombo tizilombo tizilombo tiziyenda. Mankhwalawa amamwalira, chifukwa alibe mwayi woti adye ndi kuchuluka.

Pofuna kupeza momwe mungatulutsire kangaude, muyenera kuzindikira kuti nkofunikira kutenga 200 g sopo pa 10 malita a madzi. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala opopera atatu, omwe ayenera kupitirira sabata. Ndi zilonda zamphamvu popopera mankhwala, mukhoza kuthetsa zotsatira za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Sopo wobiriwira angagwiritsidwe ntchito ponse kuti athetse vutoli, komanso ngati njira yothetsera vutoli.

Kutsekemera anyezi kuchokera ku kangaude

Mu njira zambiri zomwe zimachotsa tizilombo nthawi zambiri timadya mavitamini, omwe ali ndi mavitamini komanso macronutrients omwe ali othandiza, komanso amakhala ndi mankhwala omwe amatha kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Gwiritsani ntchito mavitoni a akangaude mu tincture, pokonzekera zomwe muyenera kutsanulira madzi okwanira 100 malita. Kutha kwa kulowetsedwa ndi masiku asanu, ndiyeno, imasankhidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera mbewu.

Mowa kuchokera ku kangaude

Mwa njira zamakono zolimbanirana, kukonza mowa ndi kotchuka. Kuchotsa zakumwa zam'madzi, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa wosasinthika, umene umawononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma sugwira ntchito pa mazira, motero njirayi iyenera kuphatikizapo zina. Pochotsa nthata zamagulu, chiyeso cholimbana ndi mowa chimapukuta masamba ndi ubweya wa thonje. Popeza mowa umatha mofulumira, ulibe nthawi yovulaza mbewu, koma pamtunda wochepa thupi silivomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi.

Dichlorvos ku nthata za kangaude

Mankhwala ofala kwambiri m'ma 90, koma chifukwa cha fungo losasangalatsa, ambiri amakana kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Pochotsa vutoli, "Dichlorvos" akhoza kupopedwa ngati ovary amangoyamba kupanga. Choyamba pa chitsamba chilichonse ndikofunikira kuyika chikwama cha zinyalala, ndiyeno mkati mwa mankhwala amatha kutsutsana ndi kangaude. Mapeto ayenera kumangirizidwa kuti asatuluke kunja kwa Dichlorvos kunja. Siyani zonse kwa maola atatu, kenako ndikulimbikitseni kuti muzimutsuka ndi madzi omveka.

Kukonzekera zirombo za kangaude

Vuto la kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndilokuti ndilolimbana kwambiri ndi mankhwala ambiri. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ziyenera kuzindikila kuti kuchotsa nkhuku sikophweka chifukwa kumangosintha mofulumira mpaka kuchitidwa chakupha, choncho muyenera kuwasintha. Pali mndandanda wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuchokera kumagulu a kangaude. Onetsetsani kuti mwayang'anitsitsa kalasi ya poizoni, kotero gulu loyamba ndi loopsa kwa anthu ndi zinyama.

"Carbophos" kuchokera ku kangaude wa kangaude

Wothandizirawa amatanthauza mankhwala a organophosphorous, omwe amathera mosavuta m'madzi, kupanga mpweya wabwino. Pofufuza momwe mungatulutsire nthata zamakono mothandizidwa ndi "Carbophos", ndi bwino kufotokoza mfundo zotsatirazi:

1. Mankhwalawa ndi njira yogwirizanirana ndipo imagwira ntchito pokhapokha ikagwera arthropod, mwachitsanzo, "zivundikiro" zobisika zidzapitiriza kuchita.
2. Zimateteza mbali zonse za zomera zomwe zimagwa mmenemo.
3. Ndi chithandizo chake mungathe kuchotsa mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo ndi mphutsi panthawi yomweyo. Ndigwiritsiridwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza "Carbophos" amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
4. Mankhwala omwe amaperekedwawa ndi afupipafupi ndipo akuwonongedwa ndi zochita za dzuŵa, mpweya ndi madzi.
5. Pofufuza momwe mungachotsere kangaude ndi chithandizo cha "Carbophos", ndikofunikira kunena kuti kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mpaka masamba ndi zimbudzi zimatonthozedwa. Mlingo umawerengedwa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka ndi mtundu wa mbewu.

"Aktara" motsutsana ndi kangaude

Ichi ndi chida chodziwika kwambiri, chomwe chiri ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Ali ndi chiŵerengero chachikulu chogawira mankhwala. Mu ora loyamba mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito, ilolo limalowa mkati mwa minofu 16%.
2. "Aktara" ya akangaude amatha kulowa mu nthaka ndi zomera. Kutalika kwa ntchitoyi kwafika masiku 28. Timaona kutentha kwa kutentha ndi chilala.
3. Chomeracho chimasungunuka bwino m'madzi, koma chimakhala chokwanira chotsutsana.
4. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa kuchotsa kangaude, ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kukonkha ndikofunika kutunga madzi otentha, poganizira kuti 5 malita ayenera kuwerengera 4 g. Mungagwiritse ntchito njira yokha yothetsera. Kuti mupange "Aktary" m'nthaka, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito 1 g ya mankhwala pa 10 malita a madzi. Pa matenda oopsa, njira ziwiri zothandizira ndizophatikizidwa.

"Tuluka" kuchokera ku kangaude

Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuchotsa mitundu yoposa 60 ya tizirombo. "Kuthamangitsani kawiri kawiri" kungathenso kukonzanso zokolola zamaluwa, mabulosi, masamba ndi zipatso. Onetsetsani kuti si onse omwe amatsutsana ndi kangaude omwe amavala pamwamba pa potassium, omwe amathandiza kuti mbeu izikhazikitse mwamsanga, ndipo mankhwalawa ali nawo. Pofuna kukonza njirayi, m'pofunikira kuthetsa piritsi 1 mu 10 malita a madzi.

"Antikleski" kuchokera ku nthata za kangaude

Mankhwalawa akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse pansi komanso pamalo otentha, koma zovuta zapakhomo sizili bwino. Kutalika kwachitetezo ndi masiku 15. Ngati pali kangaude, ndiye kuti chithandizo cha mbeu chikhoza kuchitidwa mothandizidwa ndi "Antiklescha", chomwe chimagwira mwamsanga ndipo chingagwiritsidwe ntchito nyengo yotentha. Kuti mumvetsetse momwe mungathamangitse akangaude mwamsanga, ndikofunikira kulingalira malamulo:

1. Kuti muchepetse mankhwalawa, mutenge 10 ml 10 malita a madzi. Onetsetsani kusakaniza zonse bwinobwino.
2. Kutayira kokha kokha kokha konzekeratu kukonzekera m'mawa kapena madzulo, pamene kulibe mphepo yamphamvu.

Matenda a kangaude

Pali malingaliro angapo omwe angathandize kupeŵa maonekedwe a tizirombo:

1. Chomera chogula sichiyenera kuikidwa pomwepo kwa ena ndipo ndikofunikira kuti musamadzipatsidwe. Iyenera kukhala masabata 3-4. Kuti zitsimikizike, zingakhale zothandiza kuthana ndi masamba ndi kuchepetsa kangapo ndi acaricide panthawi yopuma.
2. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi manja, zosakaniza za nthaka ziyenera kuchitidwa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kuwaphika mu uvuni, kuwadutsa ndi madzi otentha kapena kuba m'madzi osambira. Chilichonse chimadalira nthaka yosankhidwa.
3. Ndikofunika nthawi zonse kuti mutsegule chipinda, ndipo nthawi ya kutentha, perekani madzi okwanira komanso kupopera mbewu.
4. Kuti asawoneke akalulu m'munda, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tichotse namsongole nthawi zonse, omwe ndi malo abwino kwambiri okuza mbeu. Nkofunikanso kuyeretsa zinyalala zamasamba, mwachitsanzo, zitsamba zakale za shrunken.