Chikondi chosasangalatsa, choncho usakane kuyesa mbale zachilendo, kuyenda padziko lonse lapansi? Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti pali mankhwala omwe amanyamula ngozi, choncho ndi bwino kuwapewa.
Paulendo anthu amayesa kuyesa chinthu chachikhalidwe komanso zosadabwitsa nthawi imodzi kuchokera ku chakudya, khalidwe la anthu okhala m'dziko lomwe iwo ali. Zochita zoterezi zimakhala zosangalatsa, koma ndizoopsa kwambiri. Pali mankhwala angapo a zomera ndi zinyama zomwe zingagwire ntchito pa munthu, monga poizoni, ndi kutsogolera ku imfa. Kawirikawiri, poizoni amapezeka chifukwa chophika sichiphika, choncho ndikofunikira kudziŵa zowopsya kuti tipewe mavuto.
1. Nsomba za fugu
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi chimodzi mwa zakudya zoopsa zomwe anthu ambiri amvapo. Ikhoza kuyesedwa m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, ndipo ku Japan mbaleyo imatengedwa ngati dziko. Fugu amadyedwa mawonekedwe okazinga ndi ophika, koma mawonekedwe otchuka kwambiri ndi zidutswa zofiira (sashimi). Kudya nsomba iyi kumakhala koopsa, chifukwa palibe amene angatsimikize kuti chakudyacho chidzatha bwinobwino. Nkofunikira kuti fugue ikhale yokonzedwa ndi katswiri wodziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito chitembo kuti asatenge poizoni. Mwa njira, ku Japan pali maphunziro apadera ophika, kumene amaphunzitsa ndi kukonzekera nsomba zodabwitsa.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Zimaletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito chiwindi ndi ziwalo zina zamkati za nsomba, chifukwa zili ndi mlingo woopsa wa tetrodotoxin. Ndikofunika kuchotsa zitsamba mosamala kuti zisamawononge iwo, apo ayi poizoni idzafika pa nsomba za nsomba ndipo mbaleyo idzakhala poizoni. Tetrodotoxin imafooketsa minofu ya munthu, ndipo izi zimalepheretsa kupuma. Malingana ndi ziŵerengero, zaka khumi zapitazo, kununkhira kwa ku Japan kunapha anthu 44.
2. Mkulu
Chomera chokhala ndi zipatso zakuda chimapezeka m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika, mwachitsanzo, pokonzekera kupanikizana, koma nkofunika kudziwa kuti pangakhale zipatso zopanda kucha, zomwe zimachotsedwa nthambi, masamba ndi mafupa.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? M'madera omwe ali pamwambawa ndi zipatso zosapsa zili ndi zoopsa kwa poizoni wa munthu - cyanide. Mukamwa, imatha kuyambitsa matenda otsegula m'mimba komanso kukula kwa matenda ena ambiri omwe angayambitse imfa.
3. Copalhem
Zakudya za Chukotka, kuziyika mofatsa, ndizochapa ndipo mbale zambiri zimapangitsa anthu wamba kuti azidabwa ndi kusekedwa. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kubweretsa kopalhem. Kukonzekera, nyerere siidyetsedwa kwa masiku angapo kotero kuti imakhala ndi mimba yoyera, ndipo imayaka moto. Thupi limakhalapo kwa miyezi ingapo, kenako likhoza kudyedwa, ndipo popanda chithandizo cha kutentha. Zimakhala zovuta kulingalira munthu yemwe anavomera kuti adye chakudya ichi.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Mu nyama ya "nyama" pa "kuphika" kuchulukira kwa poizoni kumawonjezereka, zomwe zimapweteka kwambiri kwa anthu, kupatula anthu okhala kumpoto.
4. Zakudya za Pangium
M'mayiko akunja, mungapeze chiwerengero chachikulu cha zipatso zachilendo, zomwe nthawi zina zimakhala zoopsa ku thanzi. Ku Southeast Asia, mukhoza kuyesa pangium, yomwe imatchedwanso chipatso chomwe chili chonyansa.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Zipatso ndi kuchuluka kwa cyanide, yomwe imapha anthu. Mukhoza kudya pangium pokhapokha atayikidwa bwino ndikusinthidwa, kotero simungakhoze kudya izi mwachindunji ku mtengo.
5. Nkhono zamagazi
Ku China ndi maiko ena a ku Asia, ziphuphu za magazi zimatchuka kwambiri (dzina limagwirizanitsidwa ndi zofiira kwambiri). Mtundu wosadziwika umachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa hemoglobini. Kutumikira mollusks wophikidwa mu steamed kapena yophika.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mollusks ali ndi mavairasi osiyanasiyana ndi mabakiteriya, mwachitsanzo, matenda a hepatitis A ndi E, chiwindi cha typhoid, kamwazi ndi zina zotero. Mayiko ambiri, pofuna kuteteza anthu ku mliriwu, analetsa kulowetsedwa kwa nsomba zamagazi. Deta ikuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi 15 peresenti ya anthu omwe anaika pangozi kuyesa majekesi a magazi ali ndi matenda omwe ali pamwambapa. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ku Shanghai kunali nthendayi ya chiwindi cha A chiwindi, chomwe chinayambitsa ndondomeko mwa kudya mbale iyi.
6. Sintha
Kawirikawiri amakhulupirira kuti zakumwa zimaphedwa mofulumira kuposa chakudya, chifukwa zinthu zoopsa zimalowa mwamsanga mwazi. Masiku ano pafupi ndi mipiringidzo yonse mukhoza kuitanitsa zakumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa za absinthe, zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndi zobiriwira. Konzani kuchokera ku madzi a fennel kapena anise okoma, omwe amapatsa zakumwa osati fungo losazolowereka, komanso loopsya.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Monga gawo la absinthe, pali thujone, yomwe ili poizoni. Zinthu izi ndi mankhwala achilengedwe ndi psychotropic mankhwala. Kwa anthu ena, absinthe ingayambitse matenda, komanso matenda a khunyu. Anthu omwe amadalira pa thujone akhoza kukhala ndi zizoloŵezi za kudzipha. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti munthu aliyense ali ndi thupi lake, ndipo momwe amachitira ndi kuyamwa kwa zinthu za psychotropic m'thupi sizikudziwika.
7. Spider-a-ping
Ku Tanzania, anthu ammudzi amakondwera ndi mtundu wina wa mitundu yoopsa ya tarantula. Akangaude amaphika pa moto wochepa mu supu ya adyo.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Chaka chilichonse, maulendo angapo a poizoni amalembedwa, ndipo nthawi zambiri, awa ndi alendo omwe samadziwa kuti kangaude sayenera kudyedwa kwathunthu. Mu ululu wake muli poizoni woopsa, choncho musanagwiritse ntchito ayenera kupatulidwa.
8. Manoc edible
Ku South America, chomera chotchedwa cassava kapena manioc chimapezeka. Zophikidwa m'madera osiyanasiyana asanayambe kudya, mwachitsanzo, zowonongeka, zokazinga, zokazinga kapena zophika. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti musadye chomera mu mawonekedwe ake opangira, mwinamwake chikhoza kupha imfa.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Manioc edible mu mawonekedwe ake omwe ali ndi mavitamini ambiri, omwe mumthupi la munthu amatembenukira kukhala cyanide - poizoni wakupha. Milandu yomwe ili ndi zotsatira zowonongeka chifukwa chodyera chomera ichi imayikidwa nthawi zonse, mwachitsanzo, mu 2005 ku Philippines, ana akusukulu makumi awiri amamwalira atadya chakudya chokoma, chomwe chimaphatikizapo nsawawa.
9. Frog-ng'ombe
Ngati phokoso la frog liri lotchuka ku France, zomwe ziri zotetezeka kwambiri kwa anthu, ku Namibia ndi m'mayiko ena ambiri a ku Africa ndizozoloŵera kudya grog. Zophikidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zambiri zimangowonongeka pamtengo.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Amphibiyani ali pangozi kwa moyo wa munthu nthawi isanayambe, popeza ili ndi zinthu zoopsa zomwe zingawononge imfa. Zoopsa kwambiri ndi achule aang'ono, omwe sanayambe kuchuluka. Kuwopsa kwa poizoni m'matupi awo kungayambitse kupweteka kwa impso kwa anthu.
10. Muzu wa rhubarb
Pophika, rhubarb imagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kupanikizana kosavuta ndi kofunika kumabweretsedwa, koma anthu ochepa amadziwa kuti chomera chingakhale chowopsa. Izi ndizo zokhudzana ndi muzu.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? M'munsi mwa mbeu, mchere wochuluka wa oxalic umayika kwambiri, womwe umakhudza kwambiri ntchito ya impso. Kupha poizoni ndi mankhwalawa kumasonyezedwa ndi zizindikiro zotere: ululu m'maso, kunyoza, kusanza, mpweya wochepa, kutentha kwa pakamwa ndi kusintha kwa mkodzo (mthunzi wofiira umapezeka). Pali zochitika zambiri padziko lapansi zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mizu ya rhubarb imfa.
11. Balut
M'mayiko ena a ku Asia, makamaka ku Philippines, mukhoza kuyesa kudya zomwe zimakonda kwambiri kumeneko, koma alendo ambiri amanyansidwa - zizindikiro. Imeneyi ndi dzira lotsekemera, yomwe nkhuku inali itakhazikitsidwa kale, yomwe inkayenera kuti iwononge tsiku lina. Chipatsocho chimakhala ndi mlomo ndi mvula.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Zomwe thupi limapanga kwa exotic zotere sizikudziwika, ndipo chakudyacho chikhoza kukhala ndi matenda aakulu.
12. Kasu Marzu
Italy imadziŵika ndi tchizi zake, koma kuwonjezera pa mozzarella, gouda ndi mitundu ina yabwino, palinso zochitika zowonongeka m'dziko lino. Kudera la Sardinia, mukhoza kuyesa Kasu marz - tchizi wovunda, omwe amaonedwa kuti ndi owopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Pamphuno ya tchizi ndi mphutsi zamoyo za ntchizi ntchentche, zomwe zimayambitsa kuyesa kwa mankhwala. Pambuyo pogwiritsira ntchito mphutsi zokomazo zili ndi munthu m'matumbo, ndipo amatha kudutsa m'makoma ake, ndikuyambitsa matenda akuluakulu, choncho ganizirani kangapo musanayese tchizi chachilendo.
13. Nsalu ya jelly ya nomur
Chokoma china choopsa cha ku Japan. Zikuwoneka kuti anthu okhala m'dziko lino amakonda kuika miyoyo yawo pachiswe mwa kudya. Pafupi ndi gombe la dziko lino la Asia, pali nsomba yaikulu yomwe imadya tini. Icho, monga nsomba za fugu, zimafunikira mankhwala oyenera komanso oyenera, poizoni wowopsa akhoza kuchitika.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? M'magulu a giantfish yaikulu ndi poizoni wowopsa kwambiri, omwe ndi oopsa kwa anthu. Ngati mukufunabe kuyesa zokoma za ku Japan, ndiye kuti muzipanga m'mabungwe abwino, komwe abusa amaphunzitsira bwino ndikupanga moyo wabwino.
14. Carambola
Chipatso chokongola kwambiri chimafanana ndi nyenyezi, ndipo kawirikawiri amatha kuwona mu mchere ndi ma cocktails, kumene makululumu amakhala ngati chokongoletsera choyambirira. Zipatso ndizoopsa osati kwa aliyense, koma kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto ndi ntchito ya impso.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Ngati ntchito ya impso yathyoledwa, ndiye kuti 100 g ya carambola madzi akhoza kukhala poizoni woopsa. Komanso, zimakhudza kwambiri ubongo ndi dongosolo la mitsempha, ndipo izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha imfa.
15. Sannakci
Anthu a ku Koreya amadziwika chifukwa cha chikondi chawo chosiyana, choncho, chimodzi mwa zakudya zomwe amakonda kudya ndizosavomerezeka. Izi sizothandiza anthu omwe ali ndi mtima wofooka, chifukwa mbale imatumizidwa ku octopus yamoyo, yomwe imathiriridwa ndi mafuta a sesame ndi owazidwa ndi mbewu za sitsame.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti zikhomo zisamangokhala mu mbale, komanso m'kamwa, kumamatirira makoma a bwalo lamlomo ndi suckers, zomwe zingayambitse choking. Pofuna kupewa vuto, nkofunikira kufufuza bwino pa October. Ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti pafupifupi anthu asanu ndi mmodzi amamwalira chaka chilichonse chifukwa chodwala matendawa pambuyo poyesera zofanana.
16. Cashew Nuts
Ambiri angadabwe kuona mndandanda wa mtedza wamtunduwu, koma sikuti amangoletsedwa mu mawonekedwe awo. Mphaka omwe amagulitsidwa m'masitolo akhala akutenthedwa, ndipo nthawi zambiri amawotcha kapena nthunzi.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? M'nkhalango zosakanizika ndi mankhwala owopsa - urushiol, omwe amachititsa anthu kufa. Zinthu zovulaza zimawonongeka pakonzekera mtedza, ndipo zimakhala zotetezeka.
17. Bowa la kachilomboka
Dzina la mankhwalawa ndilokonyansa, koma ndilokoma kwambiri m'mayiko ambiri padziko lapansi.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? N'koletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mowa wambiri ndi mowa, chifukwa chofanana chomwecho chingayambitse mavuto aakulu m'thupi ndipo chimapangitsa kufa.
18. Fekkh
Pa chikondwerero chakumapeto ku Egypt, Sham El Nessim, mungathe kuchita zinthu zachilendo ndi zoopsa pansi pa dzina la Fesikkh. Kwa iye, nsomba zofiira zoyamba zouma padzuwa, kenako zimakhala ndi mchere chaka chonse. Pambuyo pake, ikhoza kudyedwa, koma palibe amene angatsimikizire kuti mutatha kudya simudzapezeka kuchipatala ndi poizoni wamphamvu.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Nsombazi zikhoza kukhala ndi mabakiteriya owopsa omwe amachititsa utsogoleri. Ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti chaka chilichonse Aiguputo ambiri amapezeka kuchipatala chifukwa cha mbale iyi. Kuphatikizanso apo, nthawi zambiri kudya nsomba za mchere kunali kupha.
19. Haukarl
Zakudya za dziko lonse la Iceland zikuoneka ngati zinyansi kwa anthu ambiri, koma zimakhala zotchuka, pakati pa anthu okhala m'dziko lino, ndi pakati pa alendo omwe akufuna kuyesa zinthu zosowa. Haukarl ndi nyama yowirira ya Greenland polar shark, yomwe imadulidwa mu zidutswa ndikuuma kwa theka la chaka.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Nyama ya shark iyi ndi yoopsa chifukwa ili ndi urea wambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti alibe ma impso ndi urethra, kotero kuti poizoni amabisala pakhungu, amamupaka poizoni. Kuti achotse poizoni, zidutswa za sharki zimayikidwa muzitsulo zapadera ndi mabowo, momwe zimayendera. Pankhaniyi, simungatsimikize kuti pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yowuma, nyama idzakhala yotetezeka. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti kununkhiza kwake, sikunali kosangalatsa kwambiri.
20. Nkhanu
Ambiri sagwirizana pamene akuwona nsomba zotchuka pa mndandandawu, monga momwe zingapezeke pa menyu ambiri odyera. Nkhanu ziphikidwa, zophikidwa pa grill, zophika ndi zina zotero.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Mavuto angayambe ngati nkhanuyo yasakonzedwe bwino kapena ayi. Kosangalatsa kwa m'nyanja kungayambitse kolera, yomwe imayambitsa kutsegula m'mimba komanso kutaya madzi m'thupi, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu azikhala ndi moyo wowopsa.
21. Aki
Mwachitsanzo, ku Caribbean, ku Jamaica, nthawi zambiri mtengo amakhala (pali dzina lina - bligh). Alendo ambiri, powona zipatso zofiira, amafuna kuwayeza, kuika thanzi lawo pangozi. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti zipatso zokha zokha zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa chakudya komanso popanda mbewu yakuda.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Mu mnofu wa chipatso chosapsa apo ndi poizoni wa hypoglycin A ndi B. Mu thupi laumunthu, chinthu ichi chimakhala chakupha chimene chimayambitsa matenda a Jamaican emetic. Zingayambitse kuchepa kwa madzi ndipo zimayambitsa imfa. Ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti mmodzi mwa anthu chikwi akuyesa chipatso ichi chosakanizidwa akhoza kuthana ndi poizoni. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2011, milandu 35 inalembedwa.
22. Ubongo wamphongo
Mwinamwake zinthu zonyansa kwambiri zitha kupezeka m'mayiko a Asia, kumene amadya zakudya zambiri zachilendo komanso zoopsa. Mu malo osungirako zakudya, mukhoza kuyesa mbale yosadabwitsa, monga ubongo wa anyani. Amatumikiridwa mu mafuta ophika komanso ngakhale yaiwisi.
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani? Kuvomereza kugonana kwa monkey, anthu amaika pangozi, chifukwa chakudya ichi chingayambitse matenda owopsa - matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob, omwe amakhudza chiwalo cha ubongo. Pali zifukwa pamene matendawa amatsogolera ku imfa.