Anesthesia pa nthawi ya kubala kumathandiza mkazi kusuntha mosavuta njira ya maonekedwe a mwanayo ku kuwala. Kukula kwa njira zamagetsi kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha mavuto . Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane njira zowonongeka pa nthawi yobereka, fufuzani kuti ndi mitundu iti yomwe ili yabwino, komanso momwe mungamuthandizire kupweteka kwa ululu panthawi yobereka popanda mankhwala.
Kodi amayamba kupweteka nthawi yobereka?
Kubadwa popanda zopweteka posachedwapa kunkawoneka kosatheka. Komabe, chitukuko cha mankhwala chimalola amayi apakati kuti akhale mayi pafupifupi mopweteka. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chitonthozo chokwanira, chomwe chimachepetsa kukula kwa zinthu zovuta, kuthetsa mantha. Zimachepetseratu matenda a kupweteka, ndipo ndiyomwe imakhalapo ndikuwopa chiwerengero cha chidziwitso.
Nkofunika kudziwa kuti nthawi yowonongeka pa nthawi ya kubala nthawi zina imafunikira. Popanda kunyoza, kubereka sikofunika pamaso pa matenda aakulu. Kotero, madokotala amachepetsa kuvutika kwa amayi pobereka, kuthetsa mavuto onse. Zonsezi zimakhudza kwambiri kufulumira kwa nthawi yobwezera komanso nthawi yake.
Anesthesia pa kubala - "kwa" ndi "motsutsana"
Sikuti amayi onse apakati amasankha mophweka popanda kupweteka. Ambiri amatsutsana ndi anesthesia m'nthawi ino. Matenda awo asanatengere kachilombo amawoneka ndi zotsatira zolakwika pa mwana wosabadwa. Kuwonjezera apo, amayi oyembekezerawa ali ndi chidaliro kuti khanda lokhala ndi anesthesia silingathe kusintha malingaliro atsopano a zachilengedwe. Komabe, njira zamakono zamankhwala a anesthesia zimasiyanitsa kwathunthu kupezeka kwa zifukwa zomwe tazitchula.
Kafukufuku waposachedwapa pa matenda ozunguza bongo awonetsa kuti mpumulo wopwetekedwa wokwanira ndi kupereka panthawi yake, kumatsatira mlingo, kumachepetsanso kukula kwa mavuto. Kulankhula za analgesia panthawi yobereka, madokotala amatchula mfundo zotsatirazi:
- kuchepetsa matenda a ululu;
- kuthetsa nkhawa;
- kupewa fetus hypoxia .
Koma monga chithandizo chamankhwala chilichonse, jekeseni wamagetsi mwa kubala kumakhala ndi ubwino:
- chitukuko chosagwirizana;
- kuchepa kwa ntchito.
Mtundu wa anesthesia pamitundu kapena ntchito
Njira zowonongeka pa nthawi yobereka, malingana ndi njira ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa mu:
- njira zopanda mankhwala;
- mankhwala;
- anesthesia kumadera.
Kusankha njira ya anesthesia ndi chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha mwana wamwamuna ndi mayi woyembekezera. Madokotala amaganiza kuti angathe kugwiritsa ntchito anesthesia, kumvetsera:
- nthawi yogonana;
- chiwerengero cha zipatso;
- Kusagwirizana kwa amayi oyembekezera.
Njira zosagwiritsidwa ntchito zamagetsi zolimbitsa thupi
Mankhwala osagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo pakubereka mwana amalephera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Pankhani iyi, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zamaganizo, physiotherapy, kupuma kokwanira . Choncho n'zosatheka kumulepheretsa mayiyo kupweteka kwambiri, kuthetsa mavuto omwe amayamba nawo potsegula khosi , kutulutsa mwanayo. Mwa njira zambiri:
- Psychoprophylaktka - kumaphunzitsa maphunziro omwe amayi oyembekezera amadziwika pazochitika za kubereka, amaphunzitsidwa kupumula, kupuma, tuzhitsya.
- Kuchulukitsa malo amtunduwu ndi sacrum - kumachepetsa kupweteka, kumathandiza kusinthitsa nthawi ya kuchepa kwa chiberekero mosavuta.
- Njira ya kupuma - imathandiza kupumula, osati kupweteka kwambiri.
- Kugwiritsanso ntchito - kukhazikitsidwa kwa singano zapadera pa nthawi yobereka kumathandiza kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo, kukonzekera mayi wapakati pa kubala.
- Kusamba kwa madzi - kuchepetsa mimba ya chiberekero cha uterine, kufulumizitsa njira yotseguka, kuchepetsa kupweteka.
Njira zamankhwala za analgesia za kubala
Monga momwe dzina limasonyezera, njira zowonongeka ngati imeneyi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Chimodzimodzinso cha analgesia chobeleka chimasankhidwa payekha. Ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti mankhwala oterewa amatha kulowa mkati mwachisawawa, kotero angagwiritsidwe ntchito panthawi inayake ya ntchito komanso mlingo woikidwa ndi dokotala. Malingana ndi njira ya kayendedwe ka mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi mwambo wodzipatula:
- Antraheous anesthesia. Ikuwonetseratu kuyambitsidwa kwa mankhwala mwachindunji mumagazi ambiri, motsogolere kuzimitsa kwathunthu chidziwitso. Wodwala amalowetsedwa mu tulo, komabe kukhudzidwa kumatulutsidwa.
- Epidural anesthesia. Ikuwonetseratu kuyambitsidwa kwa mankhwala m'dera la msana. Zotsatira zake, kutengeka kwa mitsempha ya m'mitsempha kuchokera m'munsi mwa thupi kumatsekedwa.
- Inhalation anesthesia. Mankhwala opatsirana amadzipiritsika kudzera m'mapepala opumira.
Mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito zachipatala amakhudza kwambiri amayi omwe akutsitsimutsa. Mayi wam'tsogolo sakhala ndi mantha, kupsinjika maganizo kumayanjanitsidwa ndi kuwonetsetsa kumeneku. Mfundo zamakono zowonongeka pakubereka mwana zimakhala ndi ubwino wambiri, mwa izi:
- kulamulira kwathunthu kwa njira yobweretsera;
- kusakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa;
- zotsatira zochepa pa mwanayo.
Njira Zamakono Zopweteka Anesthetizing
Nthenda yamakono ya kubadwa kwathunthu imaphatikizapo kukula kwa mavuto omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala pa nthawi yobereka. Pachifukwa ichi, zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'mimba mwa mwanayo zimachepetsedwa. Zimathandiza kubereka mwana wathanzi, kufulumira njira zowonetsera thupi lachikazi pakatha nthawi yobereka. Mwa anthu ambiri, amagwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zamakono zamankhwala:
- chithunzi ;
- Kuwopsa kwachisokonezo (kuyambitsa mankhwala odyetserako mankhwala m'dera la mitsempha yaukali);
- Kuyamba mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'magazi a pakhomo lobadwa (kumachepetsa kutengeka, kumachepetsa kupweteka pamene akudutsa mwana kudzera mu njira yobadwa).
Anesthesia pakubereka - epidural anesthesia
Epidural anesthesia panthawi yobereka ili kufalikira chifukwa cha kupambana kwakukulu, kusowa mphamvu kwa mwana. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, n'zotheka kuonetsetsa kuti palibenso chitonthozo kwa amayi omwe akugwira ntchito. Mankhwalawa amalowetsedwa m'deralo pakati pa 3rd ndi 4th lumbar vertebrae. Kutseka kufalitsa kwa maganizo a mitsempha sikungapangitse kumva kupweteka. Mayiwakeyo ali ndi chidziwitso ndipo amatha kumva kulira koyamba kwa mwana wake, monga kubereka kwachibadwa.
Komabe, kupweteka kwamtundu uwu pakubereka kumakhala ndi zovuta zake. Mwachinthu chachikulu:
- khalidwe loipa la amayi omwe ali ndi nthawi yovuta ya ntchito;
- Kuwonjezera nthawi ya kuchotsedwa kwa mwana;
- chiopsezo cha hypoxia kwambiri mwa mwana chifukwa cha kuchepa kwakukulu kwa magazi mu mayi.
Antravenous analgesia pa nthawi yobereka
Painkillers nthawi zambiri sagwiritsa ntchito intravenously. Izi ndi chifukwa cha chiopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto. Pambuyo pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ambiri a anesthetics, kuchepa kwa ntchito, kukulirakulira, komwe kumakhudza kwambiri njira yobereka. Kuwonjezera apo, pali kuthekera kochepetsetsa maonekedwe a minofu, yomwe ndi yoyipa kuti mwanayo athamangitsidwe: kumenyana kumakhala kofooka, kukhala ndi nthawi yayitali komanso mwamphamvu.
Mankhwala achilengedwe panthawi yobereka
Poganizira momwe angayambitsire mwana kubereka, amayi nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi njira zachibadwa za anesthesia. Njirazi zimatsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zimakhala zotetezeka kwa mwana ndi mayi. Zochita zawo ndizoti azisangalala. Zina mwa izo ndi:
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala;
- misala ya dera la lumbar;
- zamagetsi.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji kupereka popanda kupweteka?
Poganizira njira zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, m'pofunika kunena kuti njira yabwino ndi kudzipumula. Podziwa luso limeneli, mkazi akhoza kuthetsa vuto lake panthawi yobereka. Muyenera kuphunzira izi musanafike, ngakhale panthawi yobereka mwanayo. Pofuna kuteteza thupi lanu muyenera:
- Landirani malo osakanikirana.
- Kupuma kumayenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono ndi kuikapo mtima.
- Kwezani mwendo umodzi, ndiye winayo, mukukumana ndi vutoli.
- Lembani nkhonya imodzi, kenako ina.
Popeza mutamva kupweteka, m'pofunikira kukonza minofu kwa masekondi asanu mpaka asanu ndi awiri, kenako kuti mukhale osangalala. Momwemonso ndi deta iliyonse ya thupi, pang'onopang'ono ntchito minofu ya kumbuyo, miyendo, mimba, manja, pelvis. Njira izi zowonongeka panthawi ya kubala zidzathandiza mayi amene akudwala mwakachetechete pakutha pakati pa kupatulidwa, kupumula ndikupitiriza kuchita. Rhodorazorazhenie yokha idzakhala yopweteka kwambiri, ndipo mavuto monga kupasuka kwa chikazi ndi perineum, adzapeŵedwa.