Madzi otsetsereka (ascites) ndi kusungunuka m'mimba mwa madzi opanda madzi, omwe, malinga ndi kuopsa kwake kwa matendawa, amatha kuchoka pa 3 mpaka 30 malita. Kawirikawiri, ascites amawonetseredwa ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi - kutsegula kwa mankhwala ndi kosasangalatsa. Pa theka la milandu pali chiwerengero cha kufa kwa chibwibwi mkati mwa zaka ziwiri pambuyo pa kuoneka kwa dothi.
Zifukwa za kugwedezeka
Ascites mu matenda a chiwindi amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chiwindi chokhudzidwa kuti "fyuluta" magazi ochuluka. Choncho, gawo lake la madzi limalowa m'mitsuko, kudzaza mimba.
Kukula kwa ascites kumakhudzidwa ndi zinthu monga:
- Kupsyinjika kwakukulu mu mitsempha ya portal - kumapangitsa zokolola za madzi opanda madzi;
- Kulephera kwa ntchito yopanga mapuloteni - chifukwa cha kusowa kwa albumin, magazi amatha kusunga kachigawo kakang'ono ka madzi;
- Kuperewera kwa maselo a mitsempha - chifukwa cholephera kudwala matenda a chiwindi, zimasambira pamwamba pa ntchentche, zimalowa m'mimba.
Zizindikiro za ascites mu chiwindi cha chiwindi
Monga chiwerengero cha matenda a chibwibwi, odwala 50% amadwala pakapita zaka khumi atagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ascites amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa thupi ndi kumimba kwa m'mimba. Wodwala akudandaula za mimba m'mimba, kupweteka kwa mtima, kutupa kwa mapeto. Madzi amadzimadzi amadzimadzimita atatu, mimba imakhala pamalo oima. Pamene wodwalayo wagona, mimba imafalikira kumbali. Ngati zotsatira zapangidwe zimayambika, kuyang'ana kwapadera kuli kosiyana. Ndi okwera kwambiri ascites (madzi okwanira 20-30 malita), mimba imakhala yosalala, khungu lake limakhala lowala ndi kutambasula, mitsempha yowonjezereka, makamaka kuzungulira phokoso, iliwoneka bwino.
Kuchiza kwa ascites ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi
Pamene mankhwala ochepetsa kupweteka amachititsa kuchipatala, komanso kuti achepetse kuvutika kwa wodwalayo ndi ascites, gwiritsani ntchito njira zotsatirazi:
- zakudya;
- phwando la diuretics;
- kupuma.
Zakudya
Zakudya ku ascites ndi zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi chiwindi zimatanthauza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere mu zakudya mpaka 5.2 g. Izi zikutanthawuza kuti chakudya sichingakhale choyenera kuwonjezera mchere, komanso kuyenera kuleka kudya zakudya zambiri. Odwala ndi osayenera kutenga madzi okwanira 1 litre tsiku lililonse, ngakhale kuti, malinga ndi akatswiri ena, chiletso ichi sichimakhudzidwa ndi kuchepa kwa madzi. Mu zakudya ayenera kukhala:
- nsomba, nyama yowonda;
- tchizi;
- masamba;
- mdima;
- tirigu.
Pankhaniyi, ndi zofunika kuphika chakudya kwa anthu awiri. Mowa, mbale zophika, kofi, tiyi wamphamvu ndi zonunkhira ndi ascites zimatsutsana!
Diuretics
Ngati chakudya sichikuthandiza, chithandizo cha ascites ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi ndicho kutenga diuretics:
- Mzimu;
- Furosemide;
- Ectric acid;
- Amyloride ndi ena.
Odwala amawonedwa mpumulo wa mphasa, chifukwa thupi la thupi likuchepa kwambiri poyankha ma diuretics, omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi kuchitapo kanthu moyenera.
Kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi kwaulere kumachitika pang'onopang'ono: 1 makilogalamu pa tsiku pamaso pa edema ndi 0,5 makilogalamu, ngati palibe kutupa.
Kupuma
Ngati siteji yotsiriza ya cirrhosis ikuchitika, ascites akhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi kuponyera pamimba. Kuthamanga kumachitika mwa kusunga malamulo a aseptic ndi kugwiritsa ntchito singano yakuda. Mphungu imakhala pansi pa phokoso, ndipo panthawi imodzi, monga lamulo, n'zotheka kuchotsa mtundu wonse wa madzi. Pofuna kuchepetsa kupweteka kwapang'onong'ono, ma diurasitiki amapatsidwa ndi zakudya komanso kuchepa kwa mchere.
Pamodzi ndi madzi ochotsedwa, puloteni yambiri imasiya thupi, kotero odwala amalembedwa albin infusions: kukonzekera kuli ndi pafupifupi 60% ya mapuloteni a plasma.