Begonia - kusamalira kunyumba, zizindikiro za kulima bwino

Chomera chokongola cha begonia chimakongoletsedwa osati malo okongola, mapaki komanso minda, komanso ndi nyumba zathu. Ndizochokera ku banja la begonia, lomwe limaphatikizapo ma hybrids a 2000. Zokongoletsa, zinagwiritsidwa ntchito zaka 200 zapitazo. Tiyeni tipeze zonse zokhudza maluwa a begonia - kusamalira kunyumba, momwe mungachulukitsire ndi kutetezera ku matenda.

Mitundu ya m'nyumba ya begonia begonia

Maluwa okongola a nyumbayi adatchulidwa ndi Michel Begon, amene adayamba kupeza chomera chosadziwika m'zaka za zana la 17 pa Antilles. Masiku ano, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyanasiyana ya begonias imagawidwa m'magulu awiri:

1. Zokongoletsa-zowonongeka. Alibe tsinde lofanana. Pubescence yawo yokongola kwambiri imakula kuchokera muzu, imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana ndi mtundu: zofiira, silvery, chikasu, zofiirira komanso zoyera. Ambiri otchuka a begonias ndi Royal, Metallica, Tiger ndi ena.
2. Kukongoletsa ndi maluwa. Izi zimaphatikizapo begonias ndi maluwa okongola osiyana siyana: begonia mwana wa Vin, Elatior, Ambasador, ndi zina zotero.

Kodi m'nyumba mkati begonia begonia maluwa?

Ngati mupereka maluwa a begonia kuti chisamaliro choyenera panyumba, ndiye chidzaphuka motalika kwambiri. Izi zimakondedwa ndi ambiri florists. Kufalikira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, m'nyumba zamaluwa begonia azikongoletsa nyumba kapena nyumba mpaka m'dzinja. Zina mwa mitundu yake, mwachitsanzo, maluwa otchedwa Elathior, amakhala ndi pachimake m'nyengo yozizira. Wofesa pamsewu, chomerachi chimamera m'miyezi ya chilimwe: kuyambira June mpaka September.

Nchifukwa chiyani m'nyumba ya begonia isanafalikire?

Kawirikawiri, chipinda cha begonia chimasiya kuphuka chifukwa cha kusasamalira kwenikweni. Chomeracho sichimakonda kusamalira ndi kukonza:

• pang'ono;
• mpweya wouma kwambiri;
• kutentha ndi kotsika kwambiri kapena kotsika kwambiri;
• feteleza wambiri;
• kukhalapo kwazithunzi.

Mukachotsa zolephera zonsezi, begonia wanu wokongola, chisamaliro cha kunyumba chomwe chili chosavuta, chidzaphukanso. Ngati izi sizikuchitika, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zotchedwa "tsiku lalifupi" kulandira. Kwa ichi, kwa milungu iwiri, m'pofunikira kubisa begonia ndi filimu yakuda, motero kumachepetsa tsiku lowala. Pa nthawi ino, masamba amayamba kumangika payekha. Kenaka tsiku lowala limayamba kuwonjezeka.

Chipinda cha Begonia - chisamaliro

Ngati mumayang'ana maluwa ngati begonia, kusamalira bwino kunyumba, kumakhala kooneka bwino, ndipo maluwa ake adzakhala ochulukirapo komanso otalika. Zotsatira izi ndizofunika kwambiri pa izi:

1. Kuunikira. Bright dzuwa dzuwa ndi zofunika kwa maluwa begonias, koma kuchokera mwachindunji dzuwa ndi bwino pritenyat kuti masamba si kutenthedwa.
2. Kutentha. Begonias ndi ofunika kwambiri m'nyumba ya chilimwe 20-22 ° C ndi chisanu 15-18 ° C.
3. Kutentha kwa mpweya. Care and begonia ikukula panyumba ndikuonetsetsa kuti malo ake ndi otupa, osangopera. Ndi bwino kukhazikitsa mphika ndi chomera mu thireyi yomwe imayikidwa mu chidebe chachikulu. Padziko lonse mumakhala madzi, ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi amamwa madzi ndi madzi, omwe amatha kuyambitsa, amapereka begonia ndi chinyezi chofunikira.

Poto la m'nyumba ya begonia

Kudzala tsinde lalikulu la begonia, mukufunika mphika wa 5-6 masentimita kukula ndi mabowo. Pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kenako, pamene chomera cha begonia chimakula chimakhala chokwanira, chiyenera kuikidwa mu chidebe chachikulu chomwe chimapangidwa ndi masentimita 8-10. Kukhalanso kwina, malinga ndi mizu yomwe imapangidwa, iyenera kuchitika pakapita chaka, ndipo poto iyenera kutengedwa katatu kuposerapo . Ngati simukutsatira lamuloli ndipo kuyambira pachiyambi pangani maluwa pachimake chachikulu, ndiye mizu yake ingayambe kuvunda.

Dothi la m'nyumba za begonia

Maluwa a begonia, chisamaliro cha pakhomo chomwe chiri, kuphatikizapo kubzala bwino, amakonda dziko labwino komanso losauka. Popeza mizu ndi yofooka ndipo imakhala yabwino kwambiri, nthaka ya begonia ya chipinda iyenera kukhala mpweya komanso chinyezi, ndipo acidity ya nthaka ndi yofooka. Land for begonias ingagulidwe ku sitolo. Ngati mukufuna kudzilemba nokha, ndiye kuti chisakanizo chikhale ndi zigawo izi:

• peat - magawo awiri;
• tsamba lapansi - magawo awiri;
• mchenga - gawo limodzi;
• kompositi - gawo limodzi.

Kuti mutenge kwambiri nthaka, mungathe kuwonjezera vermiculite, chikopa cha kokonati kapena perlite. Ndibwino kuchepetsa kutentha kwa dothi laimu kapena ufa wa dolomite. Zokonzekera zosakaniza ziyenera kupukutidwa, kuchotsa zonse zazikuluzikulu. Pambuyo pake, dzikolo liyenera kukhala lopaka ndi madzi otentha kapena kuphika mu uvuni. Izi zidzawononga zonse zotheka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pansi pa mphika, lembani miyala yamtengo wapatali kapena udothi wambiri.

Kodi madzi amayamba bwanji ku begonia?

Kupaka nyumbayi kokongola kwambiri ndi kofiira. Choncho, kuthirira begonia panyumba ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri za kusamalira maluwa. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kutsatira malamulo ena:

1. Konzani kayendedwe ka madzi pansi pa thanki.
2. Madzi ayenera kuthirira madzi otentha, omwe amatetezedwa masana.
3. Sungani nthaka muyenera kukhala youma ngati masentimita 1.5.
4. M'nyengo yachisanu-yozizira, madzi maluwa kamodzi pa sabata. Tuberous begonia imapezeka mu tsabola youma kawirikawiri popanda ulimi wothirira.
5. M'chilimwe, madzi okwanira ayenera kukhala ochuluka. Madzi kuti madzi owonjezera atuluke m'mayenje.
6. Kusiya nthawi yotentha kumatanthauza kutsirira begonia tsiku lililonse.
7. Musalole kutaya madzi, nthawi zambiri kumatsogolera mizu yovunda.
8. Kuthirira kumayenera kukhala pazu, monga ambiri begonias sakonda chinyezi pa maluwa ndi masamba.

Kuwombera begonia begonia kunyumba

Kusamalira duwa kumaphatikizapo kusindikizidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Oyamba amayamba chidwi ndi momwe angasinthire begonia kunyumba. Chizindikiro chotsimikizirika kuti ichi chiyenera kuchitika ndi mizu yomwe imatuluka mu dzenje la madzi. Chotsani begonia mu mphika ndikumasula mizu ku nthaka yakale. Kwa mphindi 30, aikeni muzitsulo zowonjezera potaziyamu permanganate, ndiyeno nutsuke pansi pa madzi, pamene muchotse youma kapena zowola rootlets. Tikapuma pang'ono, timabzala chitsamba mumphika, chomwe chimakhala chachikulu kuposa chija.

Kudyetsa begonia kunyumba

Anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi momwe angasamalire m'nyumba ya begonia, muyenera kudziwa kuti chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimasamalidwa ndi kusamalira feteleza. Maluwa a begoni amafunika kudyetsedwa kawiri pamwezi, kuyambira nthawi yomwe adzakhala ndi masamba. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito ndalama zopangidwa ndi zomera, zomwe zili ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Zokongoletsa ndi zomveka begonia ayenera nayitrogeni feteleza. Ngati zipangizozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mitundu ya maluwa, ndiye kuti maluwa sangathe kuchitika konse.

Begonia - chisamaliro cha kunyumba mutagula

Olima amaluwa omwe amasankha kukongoletsa nyumba yawo ndi chomera chokongola, muyenera kudziwa zina mwazimene zimasamalira maluwa a begonia kunyumba atagula:

1. Kusankha malo. Ngati begonia iwe wabwera m'dzinja kapena m'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuyika kumadzulo kapena kumadzulo kwawindo, ndipo kugula mu chilimwe kuyenera kuikidwa pawindo la kumpoto. Yesetsani kuti musalole kuti zisudzo zisasunthike ndi malo.
2. Kuthirira. Posangotha ​​kugula begonia, madzi sayenera kuthiriridwa. Ngati chipinda chikuwotcha kwambiri ndi chouma, mukhoza kuika madzi pamtsuko. Pambuyo pa kusintha kwake, mbewuyo ikhoza kuthiriridwa ngati kuli kofunikira.
3. Kusindikiza. Nthawi yomweyo mutagula, musafulumize kubzala begonia, makamaka ngati ikuphulika. Pakumera, ndiye chomera chokha chomwe chimasefukira kapena nthaka yomwe ili ndi zosowa zosautsa.
4. Komatu. Amatenga masabata awiri, ndipo atangotha ​​kutha, n'zotheka kuika begonia pafupi ndi maluwa ena.

Begonia - chisamaliro cha kunyumba m'nyengo yozizira

Ngati nyumba yanu idafalikira nyengo yonse ya chilimwe, ndiye kuti nyengo yozizira ikuyamba, ili ndi mpumulo. Kukula ndi kusamalira nthawi ya kugona ku begonia m'nyengo yozizira ndi motere:

1. Sitiyenera kuziika panthawiyi.
2. Pezani kuthirira. Pofuna kuti mizu ikhale yovunda, maluwawo akhoza kuthiriridwa pokhapokha ngati dothi mumphika limakhala louma.
3. Dzimitsani mpweya. Pamene nyengo yotentha mu chipinda imakhala yowuma kwambiri, n'zotheka kupopera mpweya mu chipinda cha atomizer kapena kupachika nsalu yonyowa pa mabatire.

Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji begonia begonia kunyumba?

Pamene mukukula maluwa a begonia, kusamalidwa kunyumba kukutsatiridwa ndi kudulira. Popanda njira iyi, simungakhoze kukula chomera chokongola. Ngati sichikuchitika, tsinde lidzatambasula, mphukira zidzakhala zoonda, ndi masamba - osaya. Kuyamba begonia begonia kumakhala kofunika kupanga korona wokongola ndi kusintha maluwa. Ndi bwino kuchita izi kugwa. Odziŵa bwino amalima a maluwa amalangiza njira iyi yokonzera nyumba begonia:

1. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, begonia wachinyamata ayenera kudulidwa pamene zimayambira kufika msinkhu wa 6-7 masentimita. Nsongayo imadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa, womwe umalimbikitsa kukula kwa zowonjezera zimayambira.
2. Pambuyo pake, kuthirira kumachepetsa kuchepa kwa mphukira zatsopano.
3. Pambuyo pokhapokha mzere umakula mpaka masentimita 10, nsonga zawo ziyenera kudulidwa, kuonetsetsa kuti kudulira kumachitika pa impso zomwe zimamera kumbali ya kunja.
4. M'tsogolomu, nkofunika kuchepetsa mphukira yotambasula nthawi ndi nthawi, komanso kuchotsa zoumazo kuti zikhale ndi korona wokongola.

Kodi tingafalitse bwanji begonia kunyumba?

Odziŵa bwino maluwa okonda maluwa amafuna kudziwa momwe begonia mumalowa amachulukira. Njira zoberekera zimadalira mtundu wa maluwa ndi mizu yake:

1. Cuttings. Choncho a begonias omwe ali ndi tsinde akuchuluka. Dulani tsinde la kutalika kwa masentimita 10, chotsani masamba apansi, ndi kudula hafu yapamwamba. Pambuyo kuyanika magawo, kudula phesi pansi, kutsanulira mu mphika, ku masamba omwewo. Sera yopangidwa ndi botolo la pulasitiki, ndipo mwezi umodzi mudzalandira begonia yatsopano.
2. Mbewu. Mwanjira iyi, onse begonias maluwa amabala. Pa nthaka yodula yosungunuka imabzala mbeu, ndikugwedeza pang'ono m'nthaka (musadule nthaka). Pamwamba ndi paketi ndikuyika kutentha. Mbande ziyenera kuwonekera masabata awiri. Ndi maonekedwe a masamba, zomera zimayikidwa mu makapu.
3. Mwa kugawa chitsamba. M'chaka chachikulu chitsamba cha begonia chingagawidwe. Timachotsa mu mphika, tizimutsuka mizu m'madzi ndikudula chitsamba ndi mpeni kuti magawo onse ali ndi kachilombo kamodzi kapena impso. Magawo kuwaza ndi wosweka malasha, chomera tchire latsopano mu miphika yosiyana ndi kutsanulira iwo.
4. Kubalana ndi tsamba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ayambe kukhala opanda tsinde. Ndikofunika kudula tsamba limodzi labwino. Ikani pa ndege yamtunda ndi kudula katatu ndi mpeni kuti aliyense akhale ndi mitsempha 1-2. Dulani zidutswazo mu nthaka yonyowa ndi kuphimba pamwamba ndi phukusi. Pamene ziphuphu zikuwonekera, zomera zazing'ono zimabzalidwa mu mphika.

Matenda a chipinda begonia

Matenda a maluwa amenewa amagwirizana kwambiri ndi ubwino wa chisamaliro, ndipo ziribe kanthu ngakhale kuti begonia yayambira ku nyumba kapena ikukula ndi chomera chachikulu. Pali matenda ake:

1. Grey nkhungu - pa maluwa ndi kusiya masamba obiriwira otumbululuka.
2. Powdery mildew - masamba ndi zimayambira amakhala ndi mawanga oyera ngati mawonekedwe a ufa.
3. Mzu wa zowola - mizu ya duwa inayamba kutembenuka wakuda ndi kuvunda.
4. Nkhaka mosavuta kachilombo - masamba ali opunduka, amawoneka achikasu mawanga ndi mphete.
5. Nematodes - mizu inaonekera pamzu, ndipo masamba anali atayambitsidwa.