Mawu akuti "chifuwa chachikulu" amamveka ndi ambiri. Ngakhale omwe sanapeze ngakhale matendawa amadziwa kuti ndi oopsa bwanji. Mwamwayi, vuto la chifuwa chachikulu m'mayiko a CIS ndilosavomerezeka. Matendawa amafalikira ndi madontho a m'madzi, omwe amachititsa kuti afalikire mofulumira.
Nthendayi imayambitsa ndodo ya Koch imene imafika m'mapapo. Kulowera m'thupi la munthu, wandolo wa Koch angakhudze ziwalo zina - mafupa, maso, khungu, ziwalo. Chifuwa cha m'mapapo ndi mtundu wa chifuwa chachikulu chomwe chimapezeka nthawi zambiri. Munthu amene ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu chotchedwa pulmonary tuberculosis amayamba kukhala chitsime komanso chotenga matenda. Kutenga kachilombo ka matendawa ndi kophweka, ngakhale kugwirizana kwambiri ndi wodwalayo sikofunikira ngakhale. Mukhoza kulimbikitsa kachilombo kulikonse komwe kuli anthu. Malingana ndi chiwerengero, mwayi wa chifuwa chachikulu mu munthu wathanzi ndi 4-6%.
Zizindikiro za chifuwa cha TB
Chizindikiro choyamba cha chifuwa chachikulu cha pulmonary chimawoneka. Kawirikawiri matendawa amasokonezeka ndi matenda ena a kupuma - chibayo, bronchitis. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha chifuwa chachikulu chotchedwa pulmonary tuberculosis ndicho kulemera kwa thupi. Pambuyo pa kachilombo ka HIV munthu akhoza kulemera kwambiri ndi kilogalamu khumi. Ndiye pali kutopa, kutukuta, kukwiya. Ndi chitukuko cha matendawa amawoneka chifuwa ndi ululu m'chifuwa ndi kudzoza.
Kuzindikira matenda a chifuwa chachikulu
Kuzindikira matenda awa owopsa kumapangidwa ndi dokotala yekha. Kuyezetsa X-ray n'kofunikira kuti mudziwe matendawa. Komanso, pofuna kupeza matenda a chifuwa chachikulu, chifuwachi chimayang'aniratu kuti pakhale ma microbacteria a chifuwa chachikulu. Chifuwa chachikulu mwa ana chingasonyeze kuyesa koyenera kwa Mantoux. Nthawi zina, pofuna kudalirika, kuyesa magazi kumatengedwa.
Chizindikiro cha chifuwa cha TB
Pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chifuwa cha TB. M'munsimu muli mitundu ya matenda omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri:
1. Chifuwa chachikulu. Chifuwa chachikulu chimachitika m'thupi chifukwa cha kuloŵa kwa ndodo za Koch m'mapapu. Mabakiteriya opatsirana amayamba kuchulukana mofulumira ndikupanga fozi yotupa. Chifuwa chachikulu chikufalikira m'thupi la munthu mwamsanga.
2. Kuchulukitsa chifuwa cha TB. Chifuwa chachikulu chimachitika chifukwa cha matenda obwerezabwereza kapena kubwezeretsanso kwa kutukuta koyambirira. Pankhaniyi, thupi likudziwa kale matendawa ndipo chitukuko cha matendawa chikusiyana ndi chitukuko cha TB yoyamba. Pali mitundu yambiri ya chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mapapo:
- anafalitsa chifuwa cha TB. Matendawa amadziwika ndi maonekedwe a foci wambiri. Mwa anthu, ntchito ya chitetezo cha m'mimba imachepa, matenda aakulu amapezeka;
- chifuwa chachikulu cha TB. M'mapapu anapanga cholinga chimodzi cha kutupa kwa kukula kwake. Kwenikweni, mtundu uwu wa matendawa umabwera kuchokera ku kudzutsidwa kwa matenda omwe ali mu thupi laumunthu. Maonekedwe omwe amayamba kukula kwambiri a matendawa amachitanso kuti chifuwa chachikulu chotchedwa infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis;
- miliyamu yamagazi ya chifuwa chachikulu. Fomu iyi imadziwika ndi mapangidwe a kutupa m'mimba, chiwindi, m'mimba, m'madera a ubongo.
- mankhwala;
- chithandizo chamankhwala (mavitamini opangira mavitamini). Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pochizira chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mimba;
- chithandizo cha sanatorium (ndi zakudya zovuta);
- kugwidwa ndi mankhwala opaleshoni.
Chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mapapo chingatenge mawonekedwe otseguka. Ndi chifuwa chachikulu chotsegula m'mimba mwa mfuti wa wodwalayo mulibe microbacteria ya matendawa. Pamene titseguka-apo. Munthu yemwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha mankhwala a chifuwachi ayenera kutsatira malamulo a ukhondo wake, mwinamwake akhoza kupha ena.
Kuchiza kwa chifuwa cha TB
Mudziko lathu muli njira zinayi zowonetsera matendawa:
Kuwonjezera pa njira zofunikira, njira zamakono zothandizira chifuwa chachikulu cha m'magazi zakhala zikufala. Njira yowonjezera ndiyo kupweteka kwa wort St. John ndi madzi a tsamba la aloe. Msuzi wa wophika wa St. John ayenera kuumirizidwa masiku khumi ndikutenga supuni ya supuni 7-8 pa tsiku. Njira ya mankhwala imatenga masiku 10-15. Madzi a alowe ayenera kusakanizidwa ndi uchi (chiŵerengero 1: 3) ndi kutenga supuni theka la ola musanadye chakudya masiku 20.
Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti matenda a chifuwa chachikulu cha "pulmonary TB" si chigamulo. Ndi chithandizo cha panthawi yake komanso choyenera cha matendawa chingathe kuchotsa. Kuphatikizana ndi kutsata malangizo onse a dokotala, wodwalayo ayenera kuyang'anira zakudya, kuchotsa zizoloŵezi zoipa (mowa, fodya), chitetezeni ku nkhawa.