Kusanthula kwa magazi kumapangidwe ka magazi - maphunziro omwe amadziŵira kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero cha ma antigen ndi ma antibodies. ELISA ndi njira yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabungwe osiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zambiri imayambitsa matenda opatsirana, monga HIV , chiwindi cha chiwindi, matenda a chiwindi ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana.
Mfundo yopanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Immunoenzyme kusanthula magazi kwa chifuwa chachikulu, kupatsirana kapena kupezeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa ndi iye amene amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lopanda mphamvu, komanso liwu la mthupi la wodwalayo. Njira imeneyi imapereka 90% molondola.
Mmene thupi la munthu limatetezera, likamalowa m'thupi linalake, limapanga mapuloteni enieni omwe amatchedwa antibodies kuti aphe matendawa. Matenda a antibodies amamanga ma antigen, motero amapanga makina osiyanasiyana antigen / antibody. Kutanthauzira mwatsatanetsatane ka kusanthula kwa mphamvu ya chitetezo cha m'magazi cha magazi kumasonyeza momwe zovuta izi ziriri. Mwachitsanzo, pamene pakufunika kudziwa kachilombo kamodzi kake m'magazi (kapena, kutchula molondola, antigen yake), wodwalayo wodwala kachilombo amawonjezeredwa.
Kufotokozera za zotsatira zowonongeka
Zotsatira za pulojekiti yowonjezera mavitamini imasonyeza kukhalapo kwa immunoglobulin G? Ichi ndi chizoloŵezi, chifukwa chisonyezerochi chimatanthauza kuti causative wothandizira wa matenda kwenikweni anali mu thupi, koma panthaŵi imodzimodzi ma antibodies kwa kale kale ndipo wodwala sakusowa chithandizo chilichonse.
Ngati matendawa ali oyamba, ndipo m'magazi a wodwala atatha kuyambitsa matenda a chiwindi kapena matenda ena, ma immunoglobulins a kalasi M amapezeka, njira zothandizira ziyenera kuchitika ndithu. Koma ngati zotsatira za matendawa zatsimikiziranso kukhalapo kwa ma antibodies a makalasi M ndi G, izi zikusonyeza kuti matendawa ali kale muzigawo zovuta ndipo wodwalayo amafunika mankhwala omwe amapezeka mwamsanga.
Ubwino wa puloteni wosamalitsa thupi
Ubwino wa pulojekiti yowonongeka kwa mavitamini, kachilombo ka HIV, malo odyetsera matenda ndi matenda enaake ndi matenda ena ndi njira iyi:
- adzawonetsa zotsatira zenizeni pamayambiriro a matendawa;
- adzazindikiranso makalasi a immunoglobulins;
- adzawonetsa mphamvu za njira yothandizira;
- amapereka yankho mwamsanga;
- wokonzeka kwambiri kupita;
- Ziri mtengo wapatali.
Chinthu chokha chotsutsana ndi izi ndi chakuti nthawi zina, ELISA imapanga zotsatira zabodza kapena zabodza. Ndichifukwa chake kufufuza kwa zotsatira ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino kwambiri.