Kumapeto kwa zaka makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri, m'mayiko angapo a ku Ulaya, mawu akuti "Queer", omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu omwe si achikhalidwe cha kugonana, adagwiritsidwa ntchito. M'mbuyomu, ndondomeko komanso ndondomeko ya maubwenzi onse "osazolowereka" tsopano akugwiritsidwa ntchito mmadera osiyanasiyana. Kugwiritsa ntchito mawuwo ndi kutsutsana.
Queer - ndi chiyani?
Queer ndi mawu ochokera ku English jargon (Queer), omwe kale adagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, ndipo pambuyo pake anayamba kukhala ofunika ku mayiko a ku America ndi ku Ulaya monga tanthawuzo la zinthu zonse zosiyana ndi khalidwe lopanda chikhalidwe. Ku Russia, mawuwa alowerera mufilosofi ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ndipo tanthauzo lake ndi losavuta, losawoneka:
- Mwachidule, awa ndi anthu omwe ali kunja kwa chikhalidwe chovomerezeka, kuchita zachiyanjano (BDSM, swing, etc.) kapena omvera a LGBT.
- Pa nthawi yayitali, mungathe kuzindikira munthu aliyense amene khalidwe lake ndi kudzidalira kwake silofanana ndi mavitoni omwe amavomereza. Chidziwitso cha Queer chimagwira ntchito kwa munthu aliyense wosiyana ndi ena (akhungu, autistic, etc.)
Kodi ndi chikhalidwe chotani?
Anthu, ogwirizana ndi "zina" zawo, amadziimira okha ngati gulu limodzi ndikulimbikitsa ena kuvomereza kusankha kwawo. Chikhalidwe chamagulu chimayenderana ndi zochitika zapagulu-gulu laling'ono. Pokhapokha mu 1986 ku Italy anayamba ntchito ya bungwe. Lero, chikhalidwe cha "Queer" chimagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zitatu zofunika:
- chidziwitso cha kugonana;
- chikhalidwe ;
- zikhalidwe ndi njira zochokera mwa iwo.
Lingaliro la "kufalikira" ndi lofewa, ndipo Russia sagwedezeka pambuyo pa dziko lonse lapansi. Chaka chilichonse ku St. Petersburg ndi phwando lapadziko lonse "KvirFest", lopangidwa kuti liziteteze ufulu wa anthu osauka komanso kuti likhale ndi chikhulupiliro pakati pa anthu. Polimbana ndi kudziletsa kwa anthu ndi mitundu ina ya kusagwirizana, amasankha chilankhulidwe cha luso.
Mfundo ya Queer
Ziphunzitso zambiri zimatiuza za chikhalidwe cha amai ndi chimodzi mwa izo ndi chiphunzitso cha quir. Anakhazikitsidwa m'zaka za zana la 20 chifukwa cha ntchito za Michel Foucault ndipo akunena kuti kugonana kumaperekedwa kwa munthu payekha ndi kugonana kwachilengedwe ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, poleredwa. Chiphunzitsochi chinapatsidwa ulemu waukulu. Zodabwitsa zake n'zakuti zimakana kwathunthu kudziwika. Podziwa chombocho, anthu amakana zomwe zikugwirizana ndi stencil yovomerezeka. Monga momwe ziliri ndi ziphunzitso zilizonse, anthu ochita zipolowe ndi magulu amphamvu amayamba pano. Masiku ano anthu amatha kufotokozera zosiyana.
Queer ndi Ukazi
Nthawi zina lingaliro la "zina" limayesa kugwirizana ndi ziphunzitso zina ndi zofufuza. Kotero mu zaka za m'ma 80 mpaka 90 za zana la makumi awiri, mfundo ziwiri zooneka ngati zotsutsana zinagwirizanitsidwa ndikupanga tanthauzo latsopano - quirrelism. Kulimbana ndi ufulu wa amayi ndi kuyesa kuwafananitsa ndi amuna kungatheke kukhala ndi lingaliro lachidziwitso. Queer ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chimapitirira kuposa khalidwe lovomerezeka, ndipo mu lingaliro lotere anthu si ofanana. Koma malingaliro awiriwa ali ndi chinthu chofanana:
- Zonsezi ndi zachikazi zimakana kusankhana.
- Amachoka ku zosiyana ndi zolemba za anthu.
Ubale wa Queer
Kusankhidwa kwa bwalo lamanzere kumalola munthu kudziwa njira yake m'chikondi (osati kokha) ndi kujowina gulu limodzi kapena angapo omwe amachita maubwenzi omwe si achikhalidwe. Izi zikhonza kukhala anthu omwe ali ogwirizana ndi makhalidwe a khalidwe laumunthu kapena kugonana: achiwerewere, achiwerewere, ogonana ndi akazi okhaokha, abambo amodzi, abambo, osakaniza, ndi zina zotero. Pa nthawi yomweyi, maubwenzi ogonana kapena apadonic amachita pakati pa anthu ochokera m'madera osiyanasiyana. Palibe amene amatsindika maganizo ake kwa ena.
Kuti mudziwe nokha, mphotho ndi nthawi yabwino. Anthu osamala amavutika kuti aganizire zomwe angayembekezere m'tsogolomu, pomwe aliyense ali ndi ufulu kuchita zomwe akufuna, kuti akhale zomwe akufuna. Koma anthu apamwamba akulimbikitsana kukana zosiyana za amai. Ngati tikulitsa chiphunzitsochi mwa njira yoyenera ndipo musabisire malire kumbuyo kwa mawu ofotokozera, tsogolo limachokera ku "zina" komanso zosadziwika.