Violet - kusamala kunyumba, malamulo oyambirira akukula pawindo

Imodzi mwa zomera zomwe zimakonda kwambiri m'nyumba ndi violet, chisamaliro chapanyumba chomwe sichitha kutchedwa kuti chosavuta. Maluwawo ndi amodzi osadziwika ndipo akhoza kufa chifukwa cha ulimi wothirira kapena matenda osayenera, choncho amafunikira kusankha mosamalitsa dothi ndi ulimi wothirira.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji violets?

Makhalidwe abwino a nyengo ya mkati ndi abwino kwambiri kwa zomera, munda wamtundu umene ndi wovuta kulekerera nyengo yozizira. Kukula ziphuphu, kubzala ndi kusamalira kunyumba ziyenera kulingalira izi:

1. Thermophilic. Salola kulekanitsa zigawo ndi kutentha, zomwe zimawonjezera kuthekera kwa matenda opweteka a cuttings.
2. Poto ophwanyika. Zowonjezereka, ndizotenga nthawi yaitali kuti apange mazira ambiri.
3. Kusindikiza. Mbali yofunikira yowusamalira kwapakhomo - pokhapokha dziko lapansi litatha, liyenera kuikidwa.
4. Kuwala kwa dzuwa. Maso ndi mdima wobiriwira amafunika zambiri kuposa iwo omwe ali ndi kuwala kowala.

Violets - chisamaliro chachisanu kunyumba

M'nyengo yozizira, duwa lililonse la mkati liri ndi kusowa kwa kuwala. Chizindikiro choyamba cha kusowa kwake - mphukira imayamba kutambasula ndi kugwada pamphepete mwa mphika. Amayi amasiye akudziŵa momwe angasamalire maundula m'nyengo yozizira pawindo:

1. Ngati muli ndi maluwa ochulukirapo komanso ochulukirapo, chomeracho chiyenera kulandira kuwala kwa maola 10-12 pa tsiku.
2. Kumadzulo, zenera lakummawa ndi kumwera, ayenera kukhala pritenyat, kuti masamba asatenthe.
3. Kukula bwino m'nyengo yozizira kungakhale kotsimikiziridwa ndi kuunika kokhala ndi nyali 36-40W.
4. Mpweya wabwino kwambiri wa mpweya ndi 20-22 ° C - ndi tsinde ndipo mizu imapanga mphamvu ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda mosamala.

Kodi mungamwetse bwanji violets?

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino ndi kuthirira . Izi ziyenera kuchitika, kuyang'ana nthawi zonse - kuphwanya ulamuliro wa nthaka yomwe imadula nthaka imayambitsa zilonda za fungal. Ndi kangati kumwa madzi a violet ndi momwe-funso lodziwika, yankho limene likuphatikizapo malingaliro angapo:

1. Maluwa salola kuti ingress ya chinyezi ikhale yaying'ono komanso masamba.
2. M'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi kumapeto kwabwino ndi bwino kumwa madzi m'mawa kwambiri, m'nyengo yozizira komanso m'dzinja - madzulo.
3. Kuthirira mwachindunji kumapha - kuchokera ku mizu komanso violet imakhala yowawa kwambiri. Kusamalira kunyumba kumaphatikizapo phala kapena kuthirira . Njira yachiwiri imachokera pa kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe, chomwe chinyezi chimalowa m'nthaka.

Kodi mungatenge bwanji tsamba la violet kunyumba?

Kupatukana kwa cuttings ndi njira yosavuta komanso yotchuka kwambiri. Kuberekera kwa violets ndi tsamba kunyumba kumalangizidwa kuti ichitike m'chaka kapena chilimwe. Pali njira ziwiri zosamutsira cuttings:

1. Kutsegula tsamba m'madzi. Mphepete mwachitsuloyo imayikidwa mu chidebe chosawilitsidwa ndi madzi owiritsa kapena osungunuka, kuti phesi lizimiziridwa mu madzi ndi masentimita 2. Chinthu chimodzi cha mpweya chimayikidwa m'madzi - kusamalidwa kwa tsamba kumalepheretsa chitukuko cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pambuyo masabata pafupifupi 2-3, kuwomba mizu kumachitika. Mizu ikafika kutalika kwa 1-2 masentimita, tsamba limabzalidwa mudothi losakaniza.
2. Kutsekemera mu gawo lapansi. Ngati violet sizimazuke m'madzi, nyumba zimatha kufalikira pakhomo podzala miphika ndi nthaka yosakaniza. Mitsuko imatsanulira pansi pa matanki aang'ono, pamwamba pake komwe kuli kotheka kuthira pansi ndi perlite kapena moss sphagnum. Phesi iyenera kuikidwa 0,5 masentimita, koma musagwiritse ntchito pulogalamuyi. Nyali zamagetsi zamthambo zingathandize kumera.

Kodi mungasinthe bwanji violet?

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingakhazikitsidwe. Zina mwa izo: kuchotsa dothi, maonekedwe a chovala choyera pa izo, kubzala matenda ndi kugwirizana kwakukulu kwa mizu. Kupalasa violets kumachitika mu magawo anayi:

1. Kukonzekera kwa gawo lapansi la michere. Duwa limafuna kuti dziko lapansi likhale lopangidwa mobwerezabwereza, popeza zinthu zopindulitsa zimatsuka nthawi.
2. Kuchiza kwa mbewu musanaikidwe. Nthaka yothira, mizu imachotsedwa. Mukhoza kudula mizu yowonongeka, yeretsani zowola ndipo muzitha kudulidwa ndi makala ophwanyika, mutatha kuwonongeka.
3. Kusindikiza. Pa wosanjikiza wa dziko lapansi, owongoka mizu anaika, nthaka pang'ono podsypaetsya kwa mlingo wa khosi. Mmalo mwa mulch, gawo la vermiculite limatsanulira pamwamba.
4. Chisamaliro pambuyo pa kuika. Zimapindulitsa kwa masiku angapo kuziyika pansi pa thumba la pulasitiki ndi kuthirira madzi okwanira kuti ziwonjezere chinyezi.

Ground for violets

Polimbikitsa kulimbikitsa mizu ya cuttings ndi kuwonekera kwa maluwa pa chomera chachikulu, gawo lapansi liyenera kusankhidwa molondola. Dothi losakaniza liyenera kukhala lowala komanso lokhala ndi zigawo monga:

1. Dothi labwino. Padziko lapansi lapansi, pansi pa birch kapena linden, yosakaniza ndi mafuta, kompositi kapena biohumus. Zimathandiza kusamalira violets, chifukwa chokhazikika mzuwu ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri.
2. Zodzala. Nthaka imakhala ndi acidic ph, ndipo imapangidwa ndi coniferous kapena peat nthaka ya violets - yake yokonzedwa ndi yoyenera kulimbikitsa kutaya kwa gawo lapansi.
3. Ogwira chinyezi. Mafuta a Perlite, ufa wa dolomite, makala kapena dothi lokwanira ndilofunika kuti tipewe kuyanika kwa mizu.

Bwanji osakongola maluwa?

Popeza maluwawo amaonedwa kuti ndi amtengo wapatali, zifukwa zingapo zingakhudze chiwerengero cha masamba. Sankhani zomwe mungachite ngati violets samasamba, ingakhale njira yokhayokha, kuchotsa zifukwa zonse:

1. Kuwala kosayenerera . Ngati masamba akukwera mmwamba, mphika uyenera kukonzanso kuwindo lina kapena kugwiritsa ntchito nyali za fulorosenti.
2. Kuwonjezera pa feteleza zina. Zodzazidwa ndi nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu panthawi ya chisamaliro cha mbeu, imayika mphamvu zake zonse kuti zisapangidwe maluwa, koma mapulogalamuwo.
3. Nthaka yovuta. Mzu wofatsa wa violets sumatha kupuma ngati uli wolimba.
4. Mphika wosayenera. Ziyenera kupangidwa ndi pulasitiki, chifukwa matopewa alibe mawonekedwe ochotsera chinyezi.

Matenda a violets

Okonda kwambiri chomera kwambiri florists amayamba kutengeka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi fungal ndi mavairasi owonongeka. Chithandizo cha matenda a violet ndi kupewa kwawo chimadalira gulu lomwe ali nalo:

1. Mafuta ndi mavairasi owonekera. Masamba amakhala osasintha, kusintha mawonekedwe ndi mtundu - mankhwala sangatheke, choncho maluwawo amawonongeka.
2. Fungi. Fusarium, powdery mildew, kuchepa kwa zinthu zolimbitsa thupi zomera ndi mawanga ndi necrosis. Gawo lokhudzidwa lidatha, ndipo maluwawo amachiritsidwa ndi fungicide.
3. Kuzungulira masamba ndi mizu. Ma petioles amafuna kuti masambawo asatayike ndi kutaya mtundu wawo. Kupulumuka masamba omwe amathira masamba amakaikidwa mu mphika wina: kusamalidwa bwino kunyumba kwawo kumabweretsa kukhazikitsa mizu yatsopano.