Hosta - kubzala ndi kusamalira panja, zida za kulima

Sankhani zokongoletsera zokongola zanu, ndipo chifukwa chaichi, anthu omwe akukhala nawo, kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera, ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti asankhe malo abwino ndikugwiritsanso ntchito malamulo angapo. Ndi chomera cha herbaceous, steppe chomwe chikugwirizana bwino kwambiri ndi zolemba zambiri.

Kuthamanga - kubwera

Chitsamba chabwino cha zitsamba chimawoneka bwino pambali ya flowerbeds kuphatikizapo mbewu zosiyanasiyana zozungulira maluwa pafupi ndi zida zapangidwe. Ndikofunika kuganizira kuti woyendayenda akukula pang'onopang'ono, ndikuwona tchire lokongola kufalitsa. Chinthu chinanso - chosazolowereka kwambiri komanso chokongoletsera chosiyana siyana, m'pamenenso zimatenga nthawi kuti zikule bwino. M'chaka choyamba mutabzala zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zochepa. Kulima duwa la wolandira ndi kulisamalira likuchitika molingana ndi malamulo, omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito podziwa zenizeni za chikhalidwe chino.

Hosta - kubzala mbewu

Kukula chikhalidwe choyambirira cha herbaceous pamalo otseguka, mungagwiritse ntchito mbewu zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo kapena zimatha kusonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku chitsamba chokula. Tawonani kuti chomera chokhwima chimakhala masabata asanu ndi atatu ndi asanu ndi atatu pambuyo pa kupulumukira. Sungani nyemba mu nthawi kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa autumn. Ndikofunika kuti musaphonye nthawi yomwe mabokosiwo akhale ofiira ndi otseguka. Pofuna kulima mbewu ndi mbeu, zowonongeka zowonongeka pamatha kutentha kwa 30-35 ° C, kuika thumba ndi sitolo kutentha kwa 2-4 ° C.

Kuyamba ndikukula mwakhama kumenyana, kubzala ndi kusamalira panja kumatanthauza kubzala mbewu ku mbande. Chitani ichi ndi malamulo angapo:

1. Choyamba, onetsetsani matanthwe obzala, kutalika kwa omwe ayenera kukhala 8-10 masentimita. Gwiritsani ntchito zakumwa zachipatala chifukwa chaichi. Poyeretsa dziko lapansi, muyenera kuthira ndi mankhwala a potaziyamu permanganate ndipo zilowerere kwa theka la ora mu kusamba madzi.
2. Mbewu imachoka mu kukula kowonjezera , mwachitsanzo, mu "Kornevin". Ena wamaluwa amalimbikitsa chisanadze stratification ndi kutenga mbewu kwa miyezi 2-2.5. kuzizira.
3. Yambani mbewu zoyera bwino mu April kapena May. Lembani chidebecho ndi madzi osakaniza ndi nthaka. Kufalitsa mbewu, kuyesera kupanga 1 PC. Pamwamba ndi wosanjikiza dothi, 5-7 mm wakuda.
4. Dulani mozungulira nthaka ndikuisakaniza. Ikani nyuzipepala pamwambapa, kuti imve chinyezi chokwanira, ndikuphimba chidebe ndi filimu kapena galasi.
5. Ikani zitsulo pamalo pomwe kutentha sikudutsa pansi pa 18 ° C, koma osapitirira 25 ° C. Mbande zidzawoneka mu masabata 2-3, chinthu chachikulu musaiwale kuthirira nthaka. Mbande sizimavumbulira pansi pa kutentha kwa dzuwa. Kuthamanga tsiku ndi tsiku. Mukamadzaza masamba ndi mbande kuti zikhale zolimba, mungathe kubzala makamuwo panja.

Masewera olima amakhala ndi rhizome

Kulima kuli kosavuta poyerekeza ndi kubzala mbewu. Kuyambitsa wothandizira, kubzala ndi kusamalira panja, kuganizira malamulo otsatirawa:

1. Ndikofunika kumvetsera bwino mizu, choncho sayenera kuola, kuonongeka komanso kuyimitsidwa. Ayenera kukhala osachepera awiri.
2. Musanabzala pamalo otseguka, onetsetsani kuti mukutsuka zokolola kuchokera ku mizu yowonongeka ndikuchiza ndi njira zowola ndi bowa.
3. Momwemo, ngati nthaka yobzala idakonzedwa kuyambira autumn. Kuti muchite izi, lembani bedi ndi humus kapena manyowa ndi kukumba. Ngati izi sizingatheke, yikani feteleza zovuta pa dzenje lililonse.
4. Pamene mizu ikukula pang'onopang'ono, kuyendetsa mabungwe pamalo otseguka kuyenera kuchitidwa muzitsulo zazikulu. Mtunda wa pakati pa mitundu yaying'ono iyenera kukhala 20-30 masentimita, ndipo wautali ndi wamtali pa 40-50 masentimita. Mu dzenje, pangani mulu pakati ndikuyika mizu yofalikirapo. Lembani pansi, ndikusiya khosi lawo kuti lisayambe kwambiri. Pomwe pamapeto pake zonse zimatsanulira.

Kodi ndiyi liti kuti muyike malo omasuka?

Poyamba kubzala mizu kapena mbeu, kutentha kwakukulu ndi kosayenera, motero nkofunika kuyamba kumera chomera kumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Nthawi ina yoyenera ikuchokera kumapeto kwa August mpaka kumayambiriro kwa September. Kumanga makamu m'chaka cha pansi kumapangidwa malinga ndi malamulo onse. Onani, ngati mizu idagulidwa mu February-March, ndiye kuti iyenera kusungidwa bwino. Anagula rhizomes kukulunga mu peat pang'ono ndi madzi ndi kuika mu cellophane thumba ndi mpweya wabwino. Akhale nawo m'firiji kapena pansi, chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti kutentha sikukugwa pansipa + 1 ° C.

Malo otsetsereka a Hosta

Kuti pakhale chitukuko chabwino cha chikhalidwe cha herbaceous, ndikofunikira kusankha malo abwino oti mubzalidwe, motero ndi bwino kulingalira kuti wokondedwayo ndi chikhalidwe chokonda mthunzi. Talingalirani pamene kutumiza mawonekedwe - kutentha masamba pafupi ndi chitsamba, ndiye kuti akusowa dzuwa. Posankha mitundu yakuda ndi ya buluu, zokonda zimaperekedwa kumadera mumthunzi. Nthawi zina, tetezani dzuwa kunja kwa tchire, pamtunda, chifukwa izi zidzawotchera.

Kuti kulima magulu abwino, kubzala ndi kusamalira pamalo omasuka ayenera kuganizira kukula kwa nthaka. Ngakhale kuti sikofunikira panthaka, ndi bwino kupatsa humus loam, momwe madzi sangapitirire. Ngati malo omwe ali ndi sod-podzolic adasankhidwa, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kuwonjezera humus, mchenga ndi feteleza mchere. Dziwani kuti pakufika pamtunda wa mchengawo kumakula nthawi zambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri kumapweteka.

Oyang'anira - chisamaliro ndi kulima

Chomeracho sichitha kutchedwa kuti chimafuna, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo kuti chitukuko choyenera chikhale choyenera kulingalira malamulo angapo:

1. Chisamaliro cha makamu chikuphatikizapo nthawi zonse kuchotsa udzu ndi kumasula nthawi kuti nthaka ipeze mpweya wabwino.
2. Pofuna kuti chitsamba chiziyang'ana bwino, chotsani masamba achikasu ndi mivi yaying'ono ya maluwa.
3. Kumalo amodzi, wokhala nawo pamtunda akhoza kukula mpaka zaka 20, koma kuti chitsamba sichikula kwambiri, mu 3-4 zaka mutabzala, ndikofunika kuti mulekanitse mwana wamkazi.

Chisamaliro cha makamu m'chaka

Pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, zimakhala zovuta kuona mphukira zatsopano ngakhale mwezi wa Meyi, choncho ndikofunika kuti musamalire bwino namsongole ndi madzi. Onetsetsani kuti muchotse pogona kuti mutsimikizire kupeza dzuwa ndi kutentha kwa zomera. Kusamalira wothandizira m'chaka cha dacha kumafuna kupanga feteleza, kotero mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza maluwa ndi zokongoletsa-mbewu zovuta. Kufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga zomera, mukhoza kuthirira tchire ndi yankho la nitrophosphate, kotero kuti m2m2 iliyonse ikhale 30-40 g.

Chisamaliro cha wolandiridwa mu chilimwe

Nthawi yotentha ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti dziko lapansi siluma kwambiri, choncho kuthirira kumachitika kamodzi pa sabata. Ziyenera kukhala zambiri, koma zodzikongoletsera, kuti ndege yamphamvu isasokoneze dziko lapansi ndikuphwanya masamba. Mpaka pakati pa July ndizothandiza kupanga feteleza pogwiritsa ntchito yankho la mullein kapena zovuta feteleza. Chisamaliro cha ankhondo mu chilimwe kumalo otseguka chimatanthauza kuchotsedwa kwa achinyamata peduncles, mwinamwake masamba adzasintha ndipo tchire tidzamasulidwa. Zosakaniza zonunkhira zingasiyidwe.

Chisamaliro cha wolandiridwa m'dzinja

Kuteteza chomera ku mphamvu yozizira chisanu, m'pofunika kuphimba tchire. Choyamba muyenera kuchotsa masamba onse, kotero kulakwitsa kwakukulu ndiko kuchoka kuti mutumikire mulch, chifukwa zotsatira zake ndi matenda otentha omwe angathe kuwononga tchire. Pofuna kusunga anthu, kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera kumatanthawuza kudula mapepala, koma ayenera kufota.

Monga malo obisika m'nyengo yozizira, gwiritsani ntchito nthambi za spruce kapena peat. Tikulimbikitsanso kuti tizilombo toyambitsa fodya kuti tiyambe kupaka fodya kapena kukonza fitosporin-M. Kulima masewera kumalo osatseka kumaletsa kudya kumapeto kwa mvula, monga momwe mbeu imatha kukhalira. Nsonga ina - pambuyo pa maluwa, onetsetsani kuti kuchotsa peduncles kuti mbewu zisakhale ndi nthawi yopanga, ndipo mbewuyo ili ndi nthawi yobwezeretsa mphamvu yake yozizira.

Chisamaliro cha makamu m'munda - kuvala pamwamba

Kwa chitsamba kukondwera ndi chiwawa cha masamba osati odwala, tikulimbikitsidwa kupanga feteleza. Zomwe zachitikira wamaluwa akulangizidwa kuti azichita kuvomerezedwa feteleza panthawi yachangu kukula, panthawi ya maluwa komanso itatha. Mu chisamaliro cha wolandira kudya kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ya chilimwe ayenera kukhala ndi mavitaminijeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Zimathandiza pa kompositi ndi manyowa, koma ndibwino kuti azikabzala. Ndikofunika kuti musapitirire feteleza.

Kulima makampani - kuthirira

Kusunga kukongola ndi zabwino kukula, m'pofunika kuchita zambiri madzi okwanira. Kumalo otseguka, ulimi wothirira umalimbikitsidwa m'mawa kuti musapeze kuyimba masamba. Kumwa madzi ndi kusamalira nyengo kutentha kusintha, kotero kuchuluka kwa madzi kumalimbikitsidwa kuwonjezeka. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osasinthasintha, omwe sayenera kukhala ozizira. Phunzitsani, ngati zomera zamasula nsonga za masamba, izi zimasonyeza kusakwana kokwanira kwa chinyezi.

Kulima kwa makamu pamalo otseguka - kubereka

Pofuna kuonjezera chiwerengero cha minda m'deralo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu ndi rhizomes, komanso momwe mungachitire molondola. Kubalana kwa mabungwe, kubzala ndi kusamalira kumachitika molingana ndi malamulo a agrotechnical, kotero mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina ziwiri:

1. Kubalana ndi cuttings. Yambani ntchito kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa May mpaka August. Gwiritsani ntchito mphukira zazing'ono ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono ndi mizu yaing'ono. Pambuyo kudula zidutswazo, chotsani masamba ndipo mukhoza kuziyika mu mphika wokonzeka. Poyamba, ikhoza kuyera, koma chifukwa cha kuthirira madzi ndi kupopera mankhwala masiku angapo, izo ziyamba kukula.
2. Kuwonjezeka pogawanitsa chitsamba. Wogwira ntchitoyo amakula bwino, kubzala ndi kusamalira pamalo otseguka pambuyo polekanitsidwa ndi chitsamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi kumayambiriro kwa masika kapena kumayambiriro kwa September. Gawani mbali zing'onozing'ono, chinthu chachikulu ndi kukhala ndi 1-2 rosettes wa masamba. Ikani zitsamba zatsopano m'mitsitsi, zowonongeka kale, ndi kuya kwa masentimita 20-25. Mtunda pakati pa minda iyenera kukhala 30-35 masentimita. Choyamba, onetsetsani kuthirira tchire mochuluka.

Kukula m'munda - matenda ndi tizirombo

Chomeracho chimakhala ndi chitetezo chabwino cha matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toononga, koma ndi chisamaliro chosayenera pamalo otseguka, mavuto awa angayambe:

1. Fillistikoz. Matendawa amawoneka pa mawanga ofiira. Vuto limakula mofulumira. Kusamalira wothandizira ku dacha kumatanthauza kuchotsa ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa, ndikupaka mankhwala ndi mankhwala "Vectra" kapena "Abiga-Peak".
2. Grey kuvunda. Choyamba, zowonongeka za masamba a tsamba zimapezeka, kenako, zilondazo zimafikira pa mbale yonseyo. Kulimbana ndi matendawa kungakhale ndi thandizo la Bordeaux fluid.
3. Mizu yowola zowola. Ndi chinyezi chowonjezera, mizu imayamba kuvunda. Chomera chokhudzidwacho chiyenera kufulidwa, mizu yatsukidwa ndipo magawo ovuta amachotsedwa, ndiyeno amachizidwa mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate ndi kubzala kwinakwake.
4. Slugs. Mafinya amakhudza masamba, omwe amasiya mazira ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono. Zimakhala zovuta kumenyana nawo, choncho ikani nyambo pansi pa chomeracho ndi kuphimba plywood pamodzi ndi mlendo usiku. M'mawa musonkhanitse slugs.
5. Zosintha zam'mimba. Mitundu yambiri imabereka mofulumira ndipo kuchokera kwa iwo pamasamba pali mitundu yofiira ya bulauni. Madera okhudzidwa ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi kutetezedwa mwachindunji pogwiritsa ntchito njira yothetsera vutoli.