Akufunsa funso, kodi makhalidwe abwino ndi otani, ambiri samakayikira kuti ndiwopindulitsa bwanji komanso ndi wotani. Zingatanthauze kulemekezana, chikhalidwe cha kuyankhulana, kusintha kwa malingaliro pa moyo, kuthekera kwa chitukuko cha uzimu kapena kukula kwa ntchito. Choncho, ndikofunika kuti muzitha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zomwe zilipo kuti muthe kukwaniritsa cholinga chanu.
Kodi kuphunzira chikhalidwe ndi chiyani?
Kuyambira kalekale, makhalidwe abwino monga sayansi ndi imodzi mwa njira za filosofi yomwe imakhudza kuphunzira makhalidwe abwino ndi makhalidwe abwino a magulu osiyanasiyana. Kulumikizana uku ndi sayansi yafilosofi kumatanthauzidwa ndi mfundo yakuti kuti timvetsetse nthawi yofunikira yamakhalidwe, kudziŵa maziko a filosofi kumafunika.
Kodi makhalidwe abwino ndi otani? Lingaliro lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri limatchedwa gawo la chidziwitso, lomwe limaphatikizapo kuphunzira zikhalidwe zofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha anthu - khalidwe, malamulo, miyambo, kuyesa zolinga za anthu ndi zochitika pazifukwa zina. Zizindikiro zazikulu za sayansizi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzira za zandale, zandale, zamabanja.
Kodi chikhalidwe chimasiyana bwanji ndi khalidwe?
Tonsefe kuyambira tili ana timakumbukira kuti tinaphunzitsidwa kusunga malamulo a khalidwe labwino , khalidwe lokhudzidwa osati m'malo a anthu onse, komanso kunyumba. Makhalidwe abwino ndi gulu la zikhalidwe kapena malamulo a khalidwe m'madera. Nawa ena mwa iwo:
- perekani njira yoyendetsa okalamba;
- gwirani chitseko;
- zikhalidwe zamakhalidwe m'malo mwa anthu, musapange phokoso;
- tsatirani malamulo a ulemu pa phwando la chakudya chamadzulo.
Miyambo yamakono, kupitirizabe miyambo ya akatswiri ndi akatswiri a filosofi, akuphunzira za mavuto aakulu a makhalidwe a anthu. Chifukwa chake, malingaliro ovomerezeka a makhalidwe abwino ndi olemekezeka ali ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana, koma ndithudi ndi ofunikira, ndipo mofanana ndi anthu. Izi ziphatikizapo:
- kusunga miyambo ndi zikhalidwe za makhalidwe;
- ziwerengero zoyesa zoipa ndi zabwino;
- kuthekera kwa ufulu wolankhula ndi kusankha;
- kufufuza zolinga ndi tanthauzo la moyo wa munthu, moyo wake.
Ethics and psychology
Monga lamulo, makhalidwe a umunthu ndi mbali yofunikira pakuphunzira magawo osiyanasiyana a sayansi monga psychology. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti sayansiyi ikugwira ntchito yophunzira za maganizo a umunthu, kukhalapo kwake, kugwirizana ndi anthu oyandikana nawo, njira zomwe zimachitika m'maganizo a munthu ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa zomwe amachita. Makhalidwe, kuphatikizapo, amawona khalidwe ndi malingaliro a munthu, koma motsatira miyambo ndi makhalidwe ndi miyambo yomwe yakhala ikukula pakati pa anthu.
Kufunsa funso, kodi ndi makhalidwe otani, ndizotheka kulingalira zina mwa ntchito zake, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe zingatheke kukonza nthawi zina m'maphunziro a maganizo ndi makhalidwe a munthu aliyense komanso gulu lonselo:
- Cholinga cha ntchito iliyonse yothandiza;
- ntchito yophunzitsa;
- chikhumbo chothana kuthetsa kusamvana ndi kuthetsa mavuto kudzera muzokambirana;
- malingaliro ndi zofunika;
- Kuzindikira ndi kuunika zofunika pamoyo;
- kupanga mapangidwe ena a dziko.
Professional Ethics
Malangizo ofunikira mu phunziro la makhalidwe abwino ndikulumikiza kwawo kuntchito ya ntchito za anthu. Pogwira ntchito, nkofunika kukumbukira zomwe makhalidwe abwino ali. Iyi ndiyo ndondomeko ya makhalidwe abwino ndi malamulo a khalidwe la katswiri, yomwe ili mbali ya malo enieni opanga. Kumvera kwake kawirikawiri ndilofunika kuntchito, chinsinsi cha chitukuko chitukuko, ndipo mwina, ngakhale kukula kwa ntchito.
Makhalidwe a Corporate
Pakalipano, antchito a mabungwe ambiri ndi makampani, onse akunja ndi a Russia, amadziwa zomwe zimakhalidwe abwino ndizo - ndondomeko ya makhalidwe abwino, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi antchito kapena ndi mabungwe akunja. Pankhaniyi, miyezo ya chikhalidwe imalola kukhazikitsa ndi kugwirizana mgwirizano pakati pa antchito ndi njira yawo yothetsera ntchito kapena kukwaniritsa dongosolo. Makhalidwe a mayiko angaphatikizepo mfundo zotsatirazi:
- udindo kuntchito;
- kusamalira udindo wogwira ntchito;
- timagwirizanitsa gulu ndipo tiganizire zotsatira zake zonse.
Makhalidwe Abwino
Amuna onse amalonda, maofesi ndi akuluakulu apamwamba amadziwa bwino zoyendetsera ntchito zamalonda - ndondomeko zoyendetsera ntchito, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kukwaniritsa zolinga. Kawirikawiri zimaphatikizapo zigawo zotsatirazi:
- kukhulupilira ndi kulankhulana mosamala ndi akuluakulu, apamwamba, mpikisano ndi othandizana nawo;
- luso lotsogolera, kupanga zosankha ndikupewa mikangano;
- maluso;
- mgwirizano ndi chikhumbo chogwira ntchito mu gulu limodzi.
Nthaŵi zambiri, malamulo ena ogwirizanitsa bizinesi amatsutsana ndi makhalidwe a khalidwe ndi malingaliro a wogwira ntchitoyo. Muzochitika izi, muyenera kusankha pakati pa zofunikira za ntchito ndi chizolowezi kapena mfundo zanu. Nthawi zina, chikumbutso cha machitidwe a kuyankhulana kwa bizinesi chingakhale chitsimikiziro cha chitukuko cholimbika cha bizinesi ndi kupititsa patsogolo pa ntchito.
Zipembedzo
Miyambo ya tchalitchi imadziwika ndi makhalidwe awo, chifukwa chipembedzo ndi makhalidwe abwino zimagwirizana kwambiri. Ziphunzitso zachipembedzo ndi ndondomeko ya makhalidwe abwino yomwe imaonetsa khalidwe ndi chidziwitso cha munthu. Amadalira malamulo a tchalitchi, koma sali okha kwa iwo. Kuphatikizana ndi mgwirizano pakati pa anthu, makhalidwe abwino mu chipembedzo amapanga malamulo a makhalidwe abwino ndi zikhalidwe za ubale pakati pa munthu ndi Mulungu, kuthekera kwa kukhululukidwa, machiritso ndi chikhulupiriro cha anthu mu chiyambi chaumulungu.
Makhalidwe apabanja
M'banjamo, chikhalidwe cha ubale, kuwonjezera pa chikondi ndi chikondi, ndi gawo lalikulu la banja losangalala. Pachifukwa ichi, makhalidwe abwino amatsatira mfundo zotsatirazi:
- kulemekeza;
- chikhulupiriro;
- kusautsidwa kopanda pake;
- kukana kufotokoza ubale ndi anthu ena;
- kukana mwachisawawa kuyankhulana mwachinyengo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya thupi;
- kudzisankha nokha ngati chitsanzo chabwino cholerera mwana;
- malingaliro omwewo kwa ana onse mu banja popanda kugawa ndi kulimbikitsanso kwina kwa wina.
Chonde dziwani kuti khalidwe la chiyanjano pakati pa okwatirana ndi achibale ndilofunikira kuti mukhale ndi banja lokwanira komanso losangalala, maphunziro ndi makhalidwe abwino a m'badwo wam'tsogolo. Pogwirizana ndi kayendedwe ka moyo, anthu ambiri nthawi zina sagwirizana ndi mawu kapena zochita za anthu pafupi nawo: okwatirana, makolo, ana.
Makhalidwe Abwino
Poyankha funso, kodi makhalidwe abwino ndi otani, ndikofunika kukumbukira tanthauzo la mawu akuti "dziko" - anthu, osati achipembedzo. Chifukwa chake zikutanthauza kuti miyambo yadziko ndiyake ya makhalidwe abwino ozikidwa pamagulu a anthu popanda kuthandizidwa ndi tchalitchi. Mfundo izi, monga lamulo, zikufotokozedwa chifukwa, osati ndi chidziwitso chaumunthu. Amayendetsa mgwirizano pakati pa anthu pamakhalidwe abwino, amatsutsa malingaliro abwino ndi oipa, opindulitsa ndi achifundo, omwe alibe moyo wa anthu otukuka omwe sungatheke.
Malamulo pa intaneti
Pa intaneti, chikhalidwe cha kulankhulana kwachinsinsi ndi njira ya munthu yolankhulirana popanda kusonkhana kwa wina ndi mnzake. Mosasamala kanthu kotere, si njira yothetsera kunyoza ndi nthabwala zonyansa mu adiresi ya wina. Kuphatikiza pa vuto lofala pamene mukulankhulana pa Webusaiti Yadziko Lonse, machitidwe a kuyankhulana kwa intaneti angaphatikizepo mfundo zotsatirazi:
- kusunga mutu wa zokambirana;
- ndikuyitanitsa oyankhulana nawo kwa inu kapena inu;
- kusakhala wotsutsa komanso mwayi wolemba;
- kukambirana za malonda;
- Zolemba za mauthenga olemba - font, kukula, maonekedwe a maonekedwe, kupezeka kwa zithunzi kapena kumwetulira.
Makhalidwe a anthu
Kwa anthu otukuka, chikhalidwe cha ntchito za anthu ndi chikhalidwe, chomwe chimaphatikizapo miyambo yolumikizana pakati pa anthu. Malamulo kapena mfundo zoterezi zimatha kuyendetsa ntchito za munthu aliyense, kuthandizira kukhalapo kwake, kuonjezera udindo wa iwo omwe ali ndi udindo wokhazikika pakati pa anthu. Munthu yemweyo ndi wofunika kutsatira malamulo a chikhalidwe cha anthu kuti athandizidwe bwino ndi iyeyo komanso anthu omwe amamuzungulira.
Makhalidwe abwino
Maganizo a makhalidwe abwino ndi makhalidwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Makhalidwe ndizo zikhalidwe zoyendetsera khalidwe kapena kuyang'ana zochita za munthu, maubwenzi ake ndi anthu, komanso zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mgwirizano wa ndale ndi zina. Makhalidwe abwino amasonyezanso dongosolo la zikhalidwe zofanana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera osiyanasiyana:
- kupanga;
- banja;
- ndale;
- chipembedzo.
Muzochitika zilizonse, nkofunika kukumbukira zomwe zimayendera, ndipo kuti lingaliroli liripo osati kokha kuti athetsere, komanso kuti awonetse kugwirizana kwa anthu m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za moyo wawo. Kutsatira miyezo ya makhalidwe, mungathe kupeza zoyenera kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino, kumvetsetsa mzere pakati pa zabwino ndi zoipa, kuphunzira kukhala olungama ndi achifundo, omwe nthawi zina amalephereka m'magulu amakono.