Kuphunzira funso la momwe angasamalirire phokosolo, lidzakhudzidwa ndi okonda maluwa oyambirira, omwe angakhoze kukuphuka kale kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, pamene misewu imakalibe ndi ayezi ndi chisanu. Chomera chachikulu, chokongola ndi chokhazikika sichitha kwa nthawi yayitali, chingathe kubwezeretsa maluwa okwera mtengo pa Tsiku la Valentine kapena pa March 8.
Primula primrose - kulima ndi kusamalira
Mpweyawu umabweretsedwa ku Ulaya kuchokera kutali kwambiri kwa Tibet ndi Western China, kuchokera ku mitundu yambiri ya mitundu 550 ya maluŵa mu nyengo yathu imakula osapitirira 30. Mitundu yambiri ndizokongoletsera ndipo sizili zoyenera kukula. Ndi zofunika kuti mudziwe zomwe mumagula mumphika, momwe mungasamalirire ndi kuchulukitsa zinthu zapakhomo.
Mitundu yayikulu ya kukongoletsa primrose:
- Zopanda kanthu kapena zachilendo primrose ndi yokongola yosatha ndi masamba a makwinya omwe amachokera pansi ndipo maluwa akuluakulu amakhala a buluu, ofiira kapena achikasu.
- Zowonongeka kwambiri -makonda kwambiri pachaka mpaka 50 cm wamtali, imamasula mu theka lachiwiri la chisanu.
- Zosintha zowonongeka - zowonjezera mtundu wa biennials, zili ndi mitundu ingapo, masamba amatha. Okonda Flower ayenera kudziwa kuti ndi mzere wam'mbuyo primrose uyenera kuchita mosamala, zina mwa mitundu yake zingachititse chifuwa.
- Chinese primrose - duwa ndi jagged wavy masamba, mpaka 30 masentimita pamwamba, kukondweretsa pachaka maluwa, zimafuna nthawi yofunikira yopumula.
- Kiu choyambirira - pambali yake yoboola pamtima pali zokutira zoyera, maluwawo ndi ang'onoang'ono, mpaka masentimita awiri mu kukula, ndi fungo lokoma.
Primrose - chisamaliro cha kunyumba mutagula
Maluwa okongola mu makapu ang'onoang'ono tsopano akugwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse ngati ma bouquets osatha omwe angakhoze kukhalapo kwa masabata angapo muzinthu za chipinda. Atatha kuyesedwa ndi kupeza maluwa oterewa, ambiri amayamba kuyang'ana yankho la funsoli: "Ngati mutapereka primrose mumphika, mungasamalire bwanji ndikuwonjezera moyo wapamwamba?".
Ndikofunika kuika malowa pamalo abwino, koma amatetezedwa ku dzuwa, kuti kutentha sikudutse 15 ° C. Vuto lotsatira ndi chinyezi, njira yabwino yopulumutsira mphika ndikupanga kanyumba kakang'ono ka pulasitiki kosungirako. Mu mawonekedwe awa, mutha kusamalira mankhwalawa pamaso pa Mayi wotentha, ndiyeno mutatha kuuma, ponyani mu bedi la maluwa. Ngati dothi m'botolo limakhala laling'ono kwambiri ndipo liri ndi vuto losauka, ndibwino kuti mupititse kukonzekera kusakaniza mlungu umodzi mutagula.
Momwe mungasinthire primrose ku sitolo?
Magazini yopezeka m'magaziniyi ndi yochepa, m'malo mwa gawo lapansi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi peat ndi feteleza pang'ono. Nthakayi ndi yokwanira kwa masabata angapo kukhalabe mawoneka, koma mphika umayamba kufota ndikufa pang'onopang'ono. Gawo lofunika kwambiri pa bizinesi ndi momwe mungasamalirire kupuma mu malo am'chipindamo - kuika chomeracho mumtsuko ndi nthaka yabwino.
Momwe mungasinthire primrose mutagula:
- Timakonza gawo lapansi la zakudya.
- Chophimba chatsopano ndi masentimita 2-3 kuposa wamkulu.
- Pansi, pangani ngalande yosanjikiza mpaka 2-3 masentimita kuchokera ku vermiculite kapena kuwonjezera dongo.
- Timapanga chomera choyamba, mogawanika kufalitsa nthaka m'dekha.
- Mukamasuntha chomeracho, nthakayake yakale imagwedezeka pang'ono, koma mizu yosakanikirana siidasindikizidwa, kuti asawonongeke.
- Ikani mizu mu dzenje, mokoma pripyvaem iwo kumbali.
- Lembani nthaka pang'ono ndi zala zanu, osasiya voids.
- Timabala kuthirira.
- Timayika mphika pawindo lawunikira ndikutsegula kowala, kutetezera ku dzuwa.
Malo a Primrose Primrose
Choyambirira chojambula choyamba ndi chophweka kuchita nokha. Iyenera kukhala ndi thupi losalala, lotayirira, koma lopatsa thanzi, lotha kusunga chinyezi. Sakanizani peat ndi mchenga ndi kompositi mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 3. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mackerel primrose imakula bwino mumlengalenga. Mitundu imeneyi, nthaka yosakaniza (gawo limodzi), nthaka yamtundu (gawo limodzi), mchenga (gawo limodzi) ndi nthaka yosalala (mbali ziwiri).
Kodi mungamwetse bwanji primrose?
Kuphunzira vuto la momwe angasamalirire pakhomo la mkati, m'pofunika kumvetsera mowa wothirira bwino wa maluwa okoma. Mwachilengedwe, imakula mvula yamkuntho ndipo silingalole malo owuma. Kusakaniza primroses kunyumba, kuchita 2-3 pa sabata, kusefukira kwakukulu sikunakonzedwe. Kutha kwa maluwa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kuchepetsedwa, koma dziko lapansi limasungidwa mu mvula yonyowa, mwachindunji osati kulola kuti liume.
Kodi mungachulukitse bwanji primrose?
Okonda ambiri amakonda chidwi ndi kukula kwa primroses, kusamalidwa ndi kubereka maluwa okongola m'dzikolo kapena m'chipinda chamzinda. Nkhani yodziwika bwino ndiyo kufufuza njira zabwino zopangira chomera ichi, kupeza zokolola zake zokha. Pachifukwa ichi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kufalitsa, kugawidwa kwa chitsamba kapena kubzala mbewu zatsopano.
Njira zoberekera za primrose:
- Mbewu yobereka. Zipangizozo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa masentimita asanu 5. Chidebecho chimayikidwa mu thumba ndikusamutsira kufiriji ndi kutentha kwa -10 ° C kwa mwezi. Pambuyo pake, bokosilo limasamutsira m'chipinda chomwe chili ndi kutentha kwa 17 ° C mu penumbra, mukhoza kuwaza nthaka ndi chisanu. Ngati akuchitidwa bwino, primrose idzakwera mu kasupe mu masiku 25.
- Cuttings. Anagwiritsa ntchito rosettes, omwe amachokera ku wowonjezera kutentha ndi nthaka yowala. Kusamalira cuttings ayenera kukhala mosamala, nthawi zonse kuthirira kubzala, nthawi yoyamba muyenera kumeta maluwa kuchokera kutentha.
- Kubalana ndi chitsamba kugawa. Timapanga tchire zaka 2-3 zakubadwa ndi mizu yabwino. Timamasula khola la mizu ndikupeza nthambi. Pochita magawano mu gawo lirilonse la chitsamba chatsopano, timasiya miyendo imodzi yokha ya moyo watsopano. Bzalani tchire pansi ndipo masabata awiri oyambirira pa sabata amwe madzi, osabzalidwa kubzala m'malo osungirako nyengo yozizira.
Choyambirira mu mphika chinatha, ndiyenera kuchita chiyani?
Kwa primroses, chisamaliro cha chipinda pambuyo pa maluwa chimadalira mkhalidwe wa mizu. Kupezeka miphika ing'onoing'ono, zomera zimayikidwa, ndipo ngati chidebecho chili ndi kukula kwake ndipo dothi lili bwino, ndiye kuti atatha kumwa, amakhala mmenemo mpaka masika m'chipinda chozizira ndi kutentha kwa pafupifupi 18 ° C. Kuthirira kumakhala kosavuta, ndipo kutentha kumabwera ife timakonza primrose pogona pabedi. Ngati mumasamala bwino, muzaka ziwiri mukhoza kugawa chitsamba chachikulire ndi cholinga cha kubereka.
Nchifukwa chiyani chiwombankhanga chidzafota?
Chifukwa cha vutoli, chifukwa chiyani mphukira mu mphika yatha, ikhoza kutentha, nthaka yosauka, kuthirira ndi madzi ovuta. Kunja, zomera zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda opatsirana kapena tizirombo. Kawirikawiri maluwawa amapezeka ndi powdery mildew , anthracnose, kuvunda, ndi kuwona. Mapepala odwala ayenera kuchotsedwa, akulimbikitsidwa kuti athandizidwe moyenera pogwiritsa ntchito fungicides - Readzol , Fitosporin, Zineb kapena Topsin M. Poyang'aniridwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, akangaude ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo timagwiritsa ntchito.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji msewu wopita kumsewu?
Mukamabzala pansi, humus, phulusa ndi mchenga zimayambira. Mitundu ikuluikulu yomwe idabzala 45 cm, ndi mitundu yaying'ono - pambuyo pa masentimita 15. Kuti mukhale osamala pamsewu, ndibwino kuti mupange pakati pa mthunzi, kotero kuti madzulo a flowerbed atsekedwa ndi mitengo, ndipo m'mawa ndi madzulo, kuwala kwa dzuwa kumakhala kowala. Kawiri m'chilimwe ndipo kamodzi m'chilimwe ndi zofunika kudyetsa zomera ndi phosphorous-potaziyamu feteleza, pogwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza za zomera. M'madera ozizira, phokoso likhoza kuphimbidwa ndi lapnik kapena udzu kumapeto kwa autumn, kum'mwera nthawi zambiri zimakhala pansi pa chipale chofewa.