Kuti mukondweretse nokha ndi okondedwa anu ndi zokoma zokoma, mukhoza kukonza munda waung'ono mu chipinda, mwachitsanzo, kuti mukhale ndi watercress pawindo. Ndi chokoma komanso chothandiza, ndipo pambali pake ndi kophweka pobzala ndi kusiya. Kusunga malamulo ena, mutha kusangalala ndi zamasamba zokoma chaka chonse.
Kodi madzi amaoneka bwanji?
Mbewu yambewu ya pachaka imadziwika ndi ophika. Pofuna kupeza momwe nyumba yamadzi imathandizira, tiyenera kuzindikira kuti ali ndi phesi lochepa kwambiri lomwe lili ndi masamba ambiri komanso mizu yosavuta. Pamene phesi liri loyera, zomera zimatengedwa kuti ndizing'ono ndipo zingadye. Maluwa amawonetsedwa mu June kapena Julayi, kotero mu nthawi ino muli maluwa oyera kapena pinki, pambuyo pake pakhazikika chipatso. Saladi ya cress, mitundu yomwe imawonekera mosiyana, ndi yosasamala, kukula sikuyenera kukhala vuto.
- Olemba masamba onse. Chomeracho chingakhale mwamsanga kapena mochedwa. Rosette ndi yaikulu, ndipo masambawo ndi opapatiza komanso osakanikirana pang'ono.
- Kuthamanga. Rosette ndi yaing'ono ndipo imakhala masentimita 17. Masamba a madzi ochuluka omwe ali pamwamba pawindo adzawongolera kwambiri. Pali mitundu yofulumira komanso yaying'ono.
- Kufesa. Mitundu imeneyi imakhala yaikulu ndipo imakhala 19-21 masentimita. Masamba amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu.
Mawu ochepa onena za momwe madzi amadziwira bwino pawindo. Ndi bwino kuziyika mu maphikidwe a mbale muwonekedwe atsopano, kotero zimakhala ndi phindu lalikulu. Ndikoyenera kuzindikira kuti kukoma kwa zomera kumakhala ngati kusakaniza kosakaniza kwa horseradish, radish ndi adyo. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuphatikiza madzi a madzi ndi mafuta. Chomera chachikulu chimagogomezera kukoma kwa tchizi, kanyumba tchizi, msuzi wozizira ndi sauces. Amagwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi nyemba, mapeyala, maapulo, majeremusi ndi masamba ena. Saladi ndi bwino kugwetsa ndi manja anu, osati kudula.
Momwe mungabweretse watercress pawindo?
Ngati mukufuna, kunyumba, mukhoza kukula masamba ndi masamba omwe sangathe koma osangalatsa anthu omwe alibe malo. Choyamba, gulani mbewu zatsopano (sayenera kukhala oposa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi) ndipo nthawi zonse muyang'ane umphumphu wawo. Kubzala madzi kumudzi kungathandize m'njira zingapo:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito gawo la inert. Ubwino wa madzi a madziwa umaphatikizansopo kuti akhoza kukula popanda dothi. Tengani chidebe ndi kuyika siponji, utuchi, ubweya wa thonje, gauze kapena gawo lina pansi, lomwe liyenera kukhala 1.5-2 masentimita. Thirani madzi ndi modzidzimutsa muzitsitsa mbewu. Pambuyo pake, sungani ku gawo lokonzekera, kuika iwo mofanana ngati n'kotheka. Lembani pamwamba ndi filimu kuti mupange wowonjezera kutentha. Ikani chidebe mu malo a mdima-kumbali kutali ndi mabatire otentha. Tsiku lina padzakhala mphukira, ndipo mukhoza kuchotsa filimuyi. Pofuna kukweza madzi otsekemera pawindo, musaiwale kuthirira madzi mphukira ndikusinthasintha 180 ° tsiku lililonse. Kuchita ndi feteleza, zomwe zidzakambidwe pansipa.
- Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito dothi. Mu chidebe chokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 8 mpaka 10 pansi, yikani ngalande, mwachitsanzo, claydite, ndi kusanjikiza kukhala 2-3 masentimita. Ndikofunika kuti chombocho chikhale ndi malo otsegula chinyezi. Thirani masentimita 3-4 masentimita a nthaka mkati mwake ndikutsanulira mbeu zowonongeka pamwamba. Pamwamba ndi dothi lokhala ndi masentimita 1. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono musagwiritse ntchito sprayer, ndi kuphimba ndi filimu kapena galasi. Zochita zina, monga njira yoyamba.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito sieve ya tiyi. Chifukwa cha njira imeneyi, mutha kusonkhanitsa madzi. Mu sieve, tsanulirani nyembazo, ziyike mu kapu ndi kutsanulira madzi otentha (30 ° C) kupyolera mmenemo. Ikani pawindo lawindo ndipo dikirani zotsatira.
Saladi yachinsinsi pawindo - kubzala nthawi
Mitengo imakhala yotchuka chifukwa chakuti imatha kukhala wamkulu chaka chonse. Alimi ena amatsimikizira kuti nthawi yabwino yobzala mbewu ndikumayambiriro kwa masika, ndiko kumayambiriro kwa March. Pali lingaliro la momwe mungabzalitsire watercress molondola, kuti masamba amadyera kwambiri adye, muyenera kufesa mu August. Dziwani kuti chomeracho chiyenera kufesedwa nthawi zonse, pafupi masiku asanu ndi awiri, kuti muwonetsere saladi yomwe idadulidwa kale.
Watercress - maluwa
Zatchulidwa kale kuti zobiriwira pawindo zimayambira pachimake mu June-July. Maluwawo ndi ang'onoang'ono ndipo amasonkhanitsidwa ku brlorescence-brush. Ambiri amakhulupilira kuti pambuyo pa izi, kulima nyumba ya watercress iyenera kuimitsidwa, koma kwenikweni si choncho, chifukwa masambawa ndi oyenera chakudya, amangokhala ndi kuwawidwa pang'ono, kumene ambiri amakonda kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, poda yabala zipatso, yomwe ili ndi mbewu za mtundu wofiira wachikasu. Zimapsa mu August ndikupitiriza kumera kwa zaka 3-4.
Saladi yachisinkhu - nthawi yokolola?
Sangalalani ndi kukoma ndikupeza phindu kuchokera ku zitsamba zomwe zimakula pawindo, mutha kukula pamene msinkhu umakhala pafupifupi masentimita 8. Pofuna kudziwa nthawi yochera madzi, ziyenera kuwonetsa kuti ndibwino kuti mukolole masika kapena madzulo. Gwiritsani ntchito lumo kudula zimayambira ndi masamba. Chonde dziwani kuti mutha kusunga masamba kwa maola 24 mufiriji mu chidebe cha madzi. Tsiku lotsatira, lidzawonongeka. Pamene kutalika kwa zimayambira kufika pa masentimita 14, zomera zimachotsedwa kwathunthu.
Mavuto a saladi a salasi
Mukufuna kupanga munda wawung'ono pawindo, kenako tsatirani malangizo ochepa:
- Kuunikira. Saladi ikhoza kukula monse kumpoto ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo windowsill. M'nyengo yozizira, zimalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito kuunikira kwina - phytolamps kapena kuwala kwa fulorosenti. Chipangizocho chiyenera kukhala kutalika kwa 0,5 mamita kuchokera ku watercress pawindo. Pogwiritsira ntchito nyali za LED, zikhoza kuikidwa pamtunda wa masentimita asanu kuchokera ku zomera. Kutalika kwa tsiku la kuwala sikuyenera kukhala maola oposa 14.
- Kutentha. Kukula khala-saladi pa khonde kapena pawindo lazenera, m'pofunika kulingalira, kuti kutentha kwakutentha kumatha kuwonetsa malo ndi kuwonongeka kwa minda. Makhalidwe ochokera 17 mpaka 20 ° C amaonedwa kuti ndi abwino.
- Kuthetsa. Akatswiri amalangiza nthawi zonse kuchotsa zina zowonjezera zomera. Nthawi yoyamba ndondomekoyi iyenera kuchitika patatha mlungu umodzi, koma onani kuti mtunda wa pakati pa mphukira suyenera kukhala oposa 2 masentimita. Nthawi yachiwiri yochotsa zowonjezereka zimalimbikitsidwa pambuyo popanga masamba angapo. Pambuyo pake, pakati pa zomera ayenera kukhala osachepera 5 masentimita. Chifukwa cha ichi, watercress pawindo lidzakula, osati kutambasula.
Mchere wamadzi - nthaka
Ngati zinasankhidwa kudzala chomera pansi, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kumutsatira ku sitolo. Sankhani "Biogrunt", yomwe ili ndi zinthu zonse zofunika ndipo sizikusowa kukonzekera, ndiko kuti, kuchotsedwa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zina zotero. Mukamabzala madzi panyumba, kumbukirani kuti payenera kukhala pali humus m'nthaka. Zili choncho, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito malo wamba, omwe ayenera kuphikidwa mu uvuni, kotero kuti palibe mabakiteriya.
Kodi mungamwe madzi otani panyumba?
Kuti ikule mofulumira, nkofunika kuti nthawi zonse mukhale ndi chinyezi, chifukwa ngati mutalola kuyanika kwa dothi, chomera chidzakula msinkhu ndi kulawa kumakhala kowawa. Kwa ulimi wothirira imatha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi okwanira nthawi yaitali. Kukula kwa cere-saladi pakhomo pawindo kumaphatikizapo kupopera mbewu nthawi zonse, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito madzi kutentha.
Kapepala-saladi pawindo - kukwera pamwamba
Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kangapo:
- Pamene tsamba lenileni lenileni likuwonekera, gwiritsani ntchito yankho la urea , limene 25 g ya carbamide iyenera kutengedwa pa chidebe cha madzi. Mukhoza kubweretsa pansi pazu ndikupanga kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
- Kukula bwino masamba a watercress, patatha sabata yoyamba feteleza, onjezerani feteleza, zomwe zimaphatikizapo 20 g wa superphosphate ndi 10 g wa potaziyamu mchere ndi ammonium sulphate. Ndalamayi yawerengedwera pa chidebe cha madzi. Pambuyo kukolola, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza kachiwiri, kotero kuti zomera zomwe zikukula zimapereka zakudya.
Tizilombo toyambitsa madzi
Pamene masamba pawindo akukula mofulumira, ndiye kuti matenda ake alibe nthawi yodabwitsa. Nthawi zambiri, ngati dothi liri lofiira, mwendo wakuda ukhoza kuwonekera. Pachifukwa ichi, njira yokhayo ndiyokutsekera chomera, popeza sichikhoza kuchiritsidwa ndi fungicides, mwinamwake saladi sichiyenera kudya. Mafotokozedwe a watercress amasonyeza kuti tizilombo tomwe timatha kulimbana ndi izi - chimfine cha cruciferous ndi kabichi.
Kuposa kukonza madzi wamadzi kuchokera ku tizirombo?
Ngati nsomba zotchedwa cruciferous zidawoneka pazomera, ndiye kupopera mbewu kumayenera kuchitidwa ndi kukhetsa phulusa kapena phulusa mumadzi. Izi zimawopsyeza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo sizimasokoneza mtundu wa masamba. Ambiri akufuna kudziwa zomwe angagwiritse ntchito masamba a kache-saladi ndi gulugufe wa kabichi, koma mankhwala okhawo angathe kuthana nawo, ndipo amaletsedwa chifukwa chomera. Yankho lokha ndilo kugwira mwaluso. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala monga nyambo.