Khansa ya m'mapapo ndi mankhwala a bronchi amachiritsidwa palimodzi pansi pa dzina lakuti "kansa ya bronchopulmonary." Pankhaniyi, igawidwa pakati (makamaka khansara ya bronchi) ndi padera (pamene chotupa chimafika pamapapu a mapapo). Kusuta kumawonekeratu kuti ndilo vuto lalikulu la matenda, koma kuwonjezera apo anthu omwe amagwira ntchito zomwe zingawonongeke (ndi mankhwala, asbestos, fiberglass, zitsulo zolemera) ali pangozi.
Zizindikiro za Khansa ya Bronchial
Kuopsa kwa zizindikiro za khansa kumadalira makamaka momwe bronchus imakhudzira. Powonjezereka kwambiri, mankhwalawa amatchulidwa kwambiri.
Chizindikiro choyamba cha khansa yowonongeka ndi chifuwa chokhazikika chomwe sichidalira pa zinthu zina zakunja kapena zochitika zonse. Chifuwa chauma poyamba, koma chimakhala chonyowa. Pakapita nthawi, magazi amatha kuwonekera mumsampha kapena amakhala ngati pinki yotumbululuka.
Kawirikawiri, khansara ya pakatikati ya bronchus imaphatikizapo ndi chiwopsezo chotsika nthawi zonse. Palinso kufooka kwakukulu komanso kuchepa kwa thupi.
Ndi chitukuko cha matendawa, zizindikiro zimakula ndikuwonjezereka, pali vuto kupuma, kupuma pang'ono , kupweteka pamtima. M'masitepe a pambuyo pake (magawo 3 ndi 4 pa siteji ya khansa yovulazira) chitukuko cha "mitsempha ya m'mimba" ndi chikhalidwe, zizindikiro zake zimakhala zowonjezereka, kupuma bwino, cyanosis, edema wa nkhope ndi khosi, ndipo wodwalayo akhoza kugona atakhala pansi.
Maphunziro a khansara yowononga
Zimavomerezedwa kusiyanitsa magawo anayi a kukula kwa matenda:
- Kuchuluka kwa khansa yowonongeka - chotupa mpaka 3 masentimita awiri, popanda metastases;
- Khansa yowonongeka 2 - kuwonjezeka kwa chotupa kufika pa masentimita 6, kuphatikizapo metastases imodzi yokha ku maselo amphamvu;
- Khansara 3 ya khansa yopweteka - chifuwa chachikulu choposa 6 masentimita, ndipo chikhoza kufalikira ku bronchi kapena pakatikati mwa bronchus, pamodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa metastases mu maselo amphamvu;
- Matenda 4 a kansa ya bronchi - cancerous pleurisy, metastases ndi zotheka ku ziwalo zakutali.
Kuzindikira khansa yowononga
Pa nthawi yoyamba, matenda a khansa yowonongeka ingakhale yovuta, chifukwa zizindikiro zake zikufanana ndi matenda ena ambiri a pulmonary, kuphatikizapo chifuwa chokhalitsa. Sizingatheke kupeza matenda oterewa pokhapokha mawonetseredwe akunja, choncho, ndi chifuwa chovuta kwambiri, chifuwa cha X-ray kapena tomography scan ntchito. Kuti mupeze deta yowonjezereka, bronchoscopy imagwiritsidwa ntchito, kutenga smears yomwe imasonyeza maselo osokonezeka.