Imodzi mwa mavuto omwe amafala kwambiri pakukula kwa zomera zakumunda ndi matenda a fungal. Ngati nkhungu imawonekera mu mphika wa maluwa, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha chisamaliro chosayenera maluwa. Kuphimba koyera pamtunda nthawi zina sikudetsa nkhawa florists, ndipo mphindi ino ndizoyambika kwa kukula kwa matenda a fungal.
Nchifukwa chiyani nkhungu imawonekera mu mphika wa maluwa?
Nkhungu yoyera mu miphika ya maluwa ndi chinthu chosasangalatsa ndi choopsa. Pokhala ndi vutoli, amateurs akukumana ndi kukula kwa munda mu botolo . Matenda awiriwa ali ndi chitsime chimodzi: matenda a fungal. Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zomwe zimapangidwira mu nkhungu:
- Kutentha kwambiri kwa mpweya mu chipinda (ngati inu munawona, mu yonyowa pokonza ndi ozizira ozizira, zowawa zoterezi nthawizonse ziripo);
- kuchuluka kwa chinyezi (ndi chinyezi chomwe chiri chikhalidwe chachikulu cha kukula kwa nkhungu);
- Kukhazikika kwa madzi nthawi zonse (monga lamulo, izi zimatsogoleredwa ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono omwe amapezeka mumaluwa kapena nthawi zina);
- Ulamuliro wothirira molakwika (mphika nthawi zambiri kapena madzi ochulukirapo);
- Mitengo ya gawo lapansi (ngati dothi liri lolemera kwambiri kapena lolemera, limakhala lopitirira kukula kwa bowa).
Monga mukuonera, nkhungu muzipinda zamkati zimatha kuonekera nthawi iliyonse ndipo ziribe kanthu kaya ndiziti za zomera zomwe mumakonda. Kotero muyenera kudziwa bwino zomwe mungachite pazinthu zoterezi, chifukwa maluwa ena sali zokongoletsera chipinda, koma komanso mtengo wotsika kwambiri.
Kodi kuchotsa nkhungu ku maluwa?
Chinthu choyamba kukumbukira ndi chakuti nkhungu mu maluwa sizingachoke ngati mutachotsa mtanda wa dziko lapansi. Sichikulirakulira, komanso mozama. Ndikofunika kuchotsa zonse zowonjezera pamwamba, kuti matendawa asamangidwe.
Kawirikawiri ndi vutoli, amalima a maluwa amasonkhana panthawi yopuma, pamene kutentha kumatsika kwambiri, ndipo Kutentha kwapakati sikuli panobe. Kutuluka kwa mpweya kumachitika pang'onopang'ono komanso kuyendayenda kwa madzi ndi kuwonongeka kwa nthaka kumayambira. Pofuna kuteteza nkhungu mu mphika, mamasulidwe pamwamba pa nthaka nthawi zonse kuti atsimikizidwe kuti mlengalenga ndiponse.
Ku nthaka maluwa sikunaphimbidwa ndi nkhungu, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la mandimu kapena asidi milungu iwiri iliyonse mmalo mwa madzi omveka. Mu kapu yamadzi, onetsetsani kapena supuni ya citric acid, kapena supuni ya supuni ya madzi. Izi zimathandiza kuti asamalire fungus spores, zomwe zimakhala pansi.
Kulimbana ndi nkhungu ya chikasu mu miphika ya maluwa pogwiritsa ntchito makala amoto. Pachifukwa ichi, pakubzala zomera m'nthaka kuwonjezera zidutswa za sphagnum moss ndi mapiritsi angapo opangidwa ndi makala. Zitha kuwonjezeredwa kudziko limene mudzalowetsa pamwamba. Pamene, pamodzi ndi maonekedwe a nkhungu pansi, mkati maluwa amayamba kufota, maziko ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala awa adziwonetsera okha ngati mankhwala a bowa. Amalima nthaka ndi zomera zokha.
Nkhungu yoyera mu maluwa: njira zopewera
Monga mukudziwira, kupewa nthawi zonse kuli bwino kusiyana ndi chithandizo. Kuti vuto la matenda a fungal sanakukhudzeni, ndikwanira kusunga malamulo osavuta. Ngati mutangozindikira kuti nthaka mumiphika imakhala ndi nkhungu, yambani kuigwiritsa ntchito ndi mphamvu yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate. Njirayi imapangidwanso maluwa abwino kamodzi pamwezi. Njira yosavuta komanso yodalirika - adyo cloves. Muzitha kuwadula mwapatali ndi phokoso la pafupi ndi maluwa, ndikutsanulira chomeracho ndi madzi. Nthaka ikauma, adyo imachotsedwa. Ndondomeko yotereyi ikhoza kuchitika nthawi iliyonse yomwe kuthirira ndi nkhungu m'maluwa omwe samawonekera.