Dioecious "golide", "sausage mtengo" - kapena aukuba ya ku Japan kuchokera ku dziko lotulukira dzuwa. Dzina lake potembenuza limatanthauza "nthawi zonse wobiriwira". Khalani ndi aucoube chifukwa cha masamba ofunda, chomeracho chikhoza kukongoletsa monga nyumba yamba, ndi holo kapena nthumwi.
Kodi kumangidwa kwa nyumba ya aucuwa kumawoneka bwanji?
Semi-arboreal shrub mu kufotokozera ili ndi kukula kochititsa chidwi - imatha kufika mamita 1.8 mamita ake. Masamba a chikhalidwe ndi okongola kwambiri - amadziwika (mpaka 20 cm m'litali ndi 6 masentimita m'lifupi), ndi zida zowoneka zachikasu, ngati kuti kugwa kwa golide kunagwa pagulu. Chomeracho sichimawomba maluwa mu March-April ndi phokoso laling'ono losaoneka bwino. Nsalu zofiira kapena mdima wamatchire rosettes amakongoletsedwa ndi ziwalo zapangidwe-koyambira ndi mapangidwe a mamita 4.5 mm. Pambuyo maluwa, zipatso zopaka 7 mm zimapangidwa.
Maluwa a aucuba - kubzala
Malo abwino kwambiri a malo akuba ndi kuwala, penumbra. Kubzala sikuyenera kukhala miphika yambiri - iyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa mizu. Pambuyo pokagula aukuba, a ku Japan akulangizidwa kuti asamukire ku chidebe choyenera kwambiri ndi kukhetsa claydite pa 1/3 ya kutalika kwa chotengera. Kuika mkatiku kumachitika patapita masiku angapo kudzera njira yosinthira, kuti asaswetse mizu yachonde. Kuthirira chitsamba nthawi imodzi sikofunika - ndibwino kuti tichite tsiku lotsatira. Madera onse a maluwa a ku Japan ali owopsa, ndi koyenera kuvala magolovesi pa njira, sambani manja ndi sopo mukatha ntchito.
Kulima kwa aukuba
Japan akukuba imakonda kutentha mkati mwa 22-23 ° C, imakonda kusinthasintha kwamtundu wa kutentha, ma drafts. M'nyengo ya chilimwe ikhoza kusunthira kumsewu mumdima mumthunzi kapena pa mpweya wokwanira mpweya. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, chitsamba chiyenera kuikidwa kuti chisapweteke ndi dzuwa, mphepo ndi mvula. Kwa wintering, mungapeze malo ozizira ndi zinthu + 10-14 ° C, koma osachepera + 6 ° C, kutentha sikuyenera kuchepa. Maluwa ndi masamba a Japanese aukuba amakongoletsera amapezeka ndi mdima. Kotero mbale zake zimasunga mtundu wa pepala.
Nthaka ya Aucuba
Kuti mukhale ndi aukuba yobiriwira bwino, maluwa oterowo ayenera kubzalidwa mu nthaka yochepa. Chomerachi chingakonzedwe motsogoleredwa: kusakaniza sod, nthaka yofiira (kapena humus), peat wothira ndi mchenga wonyezimira mu magawo ofanana. Chombocho chiyenera kukhala ndi dzenje ndi ngalande yabwino, mwinamwake kuchoka kwa madzi omwe masambawo ali pa mphukira adzaphimba ndi mawanga a brownish.
Kodi mungayambitse bwanji auscube?
Zokongoletsera-leafy Japanese aukuba zimaphatikizidwa ndi njira ziwiri:
- Mbewu. Kunyumba, mbewu yabwino ingapezeke kokha ngati pali zomera ziwiri zosiyana, mwinamwake mazira a zipatso sizimapanga. Pakati pa tchire maluwa ali ndi stamens, ena - mabala, chikhalidwe ayenera kukhala ndi mungu wochokera ku thonje swab. Mbewu za kumera zimafulumira kwambiri, kotero palibe chifukwa chozisunga.
- Cuttings. Iyi ndi njira yofulumira kwambiri yobalana. Njirayi ikuchitika mu February kapena March. Kuchokera ku akhule okhwima mu kufalitsa kwa cuttings, zowonjezerapo ndi masamba 2-3 zimagawanika ndikuyika mu mchenga wothira mchenga, womwe uli ndi cellophane kapena botolo la pulasitiki. Pamene mbande zili ndi mizu, masamba ang'onoang'ono amakula. Nthima yowumitsa imabzalidwa m'chombo chosiyana ndi nthaka kuchokera pansi, mchenga ndi peat, nsonga zapamwambazo zimangokhalira kupanga korona wakuda.
Mbeu zowonongeka mwatsopano zimayambika kwa maola angapo, zimafesedwa mu chidebe chachikulu ndi peat yothira komanso yokutidwa ndi galasi. Chidebecho chimayikidwa pamalo otentha, amawongolera ndi kusungunula nthaka. Pamene mphukira ili ndi masamba 3-4, chophimbacho chingachotsedwe. Zipatso zimaikidwa mu dothi lokhala ndi nthaka, humus ndi mchenga kuphatikizapo 2: 1: 1. Pofalitsa ndi mbewu, kusinthasintha kwa masamba sikungasungidwe;
Aukuba - chisamaliro cha kunyumba
M'tsogolomu chifukwa cha Japanese aukuba chisamalidwe chimaphatikiza pa kuthirira kwa nthawi yake, kudyetsa nthawi ndi nthawi, kukulitsa chitsamba. Kuti apange korona wokongola kumayambiriro kwa nyengo kumayambiriro kwa nyengo, zomera zowonongeka ndi kudula mitengo ya apical mphukira zimapangidwa. Motero, Japanese aucuba amapereka mphukira ndi nthambi zatsopano, zimakhala zokongola komanso zokongola, zikuwonjezereka kwambiri. Otsala cuttings ali oyenerera kufalitsa kwa chikhalidwe.
Kusindikiza kwazitsulo
Japanese kukuba ndi chisamaliro cha kunyumba safuna kuika kambirimbiri. Mu chidebe chimodzi, chitsanzo chachikulu chimakhala bwino kwa zaka 5-10, ndibwino kuti chisokonezeko pamene mizu ikuphimba mphika. Pambuyo pake, malo osankhidwa a nthaka amatheka - pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kumtunda. Japan yachinyamata imakula mpaka zaka zitatu m'nthaŵi ya kukula kwachangu imaikidwa tsiku lililonse m'chaka. Pankhani iyi, chidebecho chinagulidwa kuposa kuposa kale. Kukula kwa zomera kumapangidwa ndi njira yosinthira, popanda kuwononga dothi ladothi, mosamala kuti lisamawononge mizu yosaoneka ndi yosalala.
Mitengo ya Aucuba - kuthirira
Akutibura a Japan osadzichepetsa ngati pakhomo amafunikira ulimi wothirira, koma wokhazikika kuyambira May mpaka August. Sungani maluwa pamene chimbudzi chakumwamba chimauma, kupeŵa msuti wambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kuchepetsedwa, lamulo limagwiritsidwa ntchito - ndi bwino kugonjetsa pansi kuposa kulipiritsa. The aukuba sichiwopa kuuma kwa kanthawi kochepa, koma madzi omwe amadzala pang'ono adzawoneka mawanga akuda pa masamba. Kwa ulimi wothirira m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osatha ndi ofunda.
M'nthawi yachisanu ndi nyengo yachisanu, chikhalidwe cha ku Japan chimalimbikitsidwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, makamaka zipinda zamkati ndi kutentha kwakukulu, kotero kuti chitsamba sichiyamba kutaya masamba chifukwa cha kuuma kwa mpweya. Mbewu ikasungidwa pamalo otentha, imayenera kuthirira mosamala, kuonetsetsa kuti nkhungu sizimawonekera. M'chilimwe ndi masika, kupopera sikufunika, sizingatheke.
Chomera cha Japanese aukuba - feteleza wowonjezera
Chijeremani cha Japanese chomwe chilipo nthawi zonse pamene akuyamwitsa panyumba amafunika kudyetsa. Dyetsani kamodzi pa sabata kuyambira March mpaka August ndi mineral feteleza kwa mbewu zosakaniza, kuphatikiza ndondomeko ndi kuthirira. Kugonjera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo pa phukusi. Edzi, chitsambachi chimachitanso zinthu zamagetsi - m'chilimwe amadyetsedwa ndi sulurry kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Ndikofunika kuthirira nthaka yonyowa ndi feteleza, kuti asatenthe mizu ya mbewu. Zomera zodyetsedwa bwino zili ndi masamba amphamvu komanso zooneka bwino.
Matenda a aukuba
Pamene mukukula chitsamba, mukhoza kuthana ndi mavuto angapo. Maluwa okongola omwe amapezeka nawo pa chisamaliro cholakwika amachitapo kanthu mwamsanga, chizindikiro choyamba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi masamba:
- Vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndi kutha kwa mawanga achikasu. Chifukwa chachikulu ndicho kusowa kwa kuwala. Phika ayenera kusunthira ku malo owala.
- Zithunzi zakuda pamasamba zimatanthauza kuti chikhalidwe chimalandira chinyezi chambiri. Kawirikawiri muyenera kudumpha ulimi wothirira, kuti nthaka ikhale youma, kenaka musinthe nthawi zambiri.
- Masamba atsekemera, ngati chitsamba chimaima padzuwa, ndibwino kuti chigwirizanenso mumthunzi.
- Ngati masamba akutembenukira chikasu, mpweya m'chipindacho ndi wouma kwambiri. Chitsamba chiyenera kuthirizidwa kuchokera kutsitsi.
- Kukula kochepa kwa aukuba kumasonyeza kuti alibe zakudya, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamchere kungathandize.
- Pamene madzi amathiridwa madzi, mopitirira muyeso komanso mopanda madzi, chitsambacho chimawonongeka ndi zowola, makamaka zitsanzo zazing'ono. Mzuwu umakhala wobiriwira pamene Japan akukuba mwamsanga kufa. Chomeracho chiyenera kuchotsedwa, gawo la pansi pamadzi linatsukidwa, njira zomwe zakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa, mphamvu ndi nthaka inasintha. Pambuyo pake, imbani madzi pang'ono. Mukhoza kusunga chitsamba pokhapokha panthawi yoyamba ya matendawa. M'tsogolomu, akuyenera kuonetsetsa kuti nyengo yowonjezera ndi kuyamwa ikuyenera.
- Ngati tizilombo tawoneka pamasamba, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi kangaude (white plaque) kapena thrips (blemishes), Japanese aukuba iyenera kuchitidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Decis, Actellik, Inta-vir.
- Zida ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zimangokhala pansi pamunsi mwa masamba, kenaka ziphimbe pamwamba pake. Mipata kenako imakhala yolema chifukwa chakuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayamwa madzi onse. Nsabwe za m'masamba zimakwirira kwambiri chomeracho ndi chobvala chokongola. Pozindikira zizindikiro za mawonekedwe awo (mawanga akuda kapena a bulauni), chomeracho chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi sopo yankho, kenaka sprayed ndi tizilombo Actellik, katchulidwa katatu pa nthawi yapakati pa masiku 14. Chishango ndi choyeretsedwanso kuwonjezera ndi swab ya thonje yotsekedwa mu mowa.