Flower freesia - nsonga za chisamaliro ndi kulima

Kukongola kochititsa chidwi ndi kununkhira kokoma ndi maluwa osadziwika a freesia, omwe anapezeka koyamba ku South Africa. Pakati pa anthu, timadziwanso dzina lina "Cape lily of the Valley". Mmerawo ukhoza kukuleredwa bwino pamtunda ndi kunyumba, chofunika kwambiri, kutsatira malamulo omwe alipo.

Tsatanetsatane wa Freesia

A osatha maluwa chikhalidwe ali ndi makhalidwe otsatirawa:

1. Mababu akhoza kukhala oblongola kapena lyrate, ndipo pamwamba pake ali ndi mafilimu ofiira oyera kapena ofiira. Pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri amamwalira ndipo ana amawonekera pamalo ano.
2. Chomeracho chili ndi masamba ochepa omwe amamera kuchokera pansi. Kutalika kwake ndi 15-20 masentimita, ndipo m'kati mwake muli pafupifupi 1 masentimita.
3. Mtengo wochepawu umakhala wautali wa 20-70 cm, ndipo mitundu yowakanizidwa nthawi zina imatha kufika mamita 1. Pamwambapo, mphukira ndi nthambi zambiri.
4. Ambiri amakondwera pamene maluwa a freesia amatha, ndipo izi zimachitika m'miyezi 3-4. pambuyo mababu akukwera. Perekani inflorescences kuphatikizapo masamba 3-6. Maonekedwe a duwa ndi nsanamira yopapatiza yomwe imagawidwa m'magulu. Kungakhale mthunzi, mwachitsanzo, kirimu, lilac, pinki, wofiira, buluu, wofiirira.
5. Pambuyo poyamitsa mungu, makapulisi a mbewu amayamba kukula, omwe ali ndi mbali zitatu. Mbewu za mtundu wofiirira zimapitirizabe kumera chaka chonse.

Mitundu ya freesia

Pali mitundu yambiri ya freesias komanso pakati pazinthu zotchuka zomwe zingapezeke motere:

1. Freesia terry. Iyi ndi gulu lonse la maluwa, omwe amadziwika ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri. Madzi amkati ndi aakulu amakhala m'mitsinje ingapo, choncho izi zimatchedwanso shrub freesia rose. Mtundu wa duwa ukhoza kukhala umodzi ndi awiri. Zithunzi zofiira, buluu, chikasu, kirimu ndi violet zimayambira.
2. Freesia ndi yoyera. Ndi chikhalidwe cha herbaceous chikhalidwe chomwe chimakafika kutalika kwa masentimita 40. Zomwe zimayambira zimakhala zochepa ndipo zimakhala ndi tsitsi loyera. Mitundu yayikulu: "Alba" ndi zonunkhira.
3. Freesia wofiira. Zosiyanasiyana ndi zofiira - "Kadinala". Maluwa a freesia ndi osavuta komanso osakhala ndi marble, ndipo kutalika kwake kumafikira masentimita 70. Mababu amapanga katatu masentimita, ndipo kutalika kwake kumafikira masentimita 35. Mtengowo ukhoza kukhala ndi masamba 9 mpaka 11. Pa masamba ofiira pali mawanga achikasu.
4. Freesia Mix. Izi siziri zosiyana, koma osakaniza mitundu yambiri yomwe ili ndi kutalika kwake kuti apangidwe zokongola. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala wosiyana, kotero "Kusakaniza" kudzawoneka bwino pazinthu zapadera.

Freesia amalima kunyumba

Kuti chomera chodabwitsa chikhale bwino ndi maluwa, ndikofunikira kupanga malo abwino kwa iwo ndi kusamalira bwino.

1. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kuyatsa kwa maola 12, kotero kuti mugule phytolamp monga chothandizira chothandizira. Ndi bwino kuika freesia pawindo lakumwera, koma ndikulimbikitsanso kuti muzisunga maluwa.
2. Mafotokozedwe a freesia amasonyeza kuti atapita, kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala pa 20 ° C, ndipo pambuyo pa sabata, ngati kukwera kwake kuli m'nyengo yozizira, ikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi theka. Nthawi zina, zizindikiro sizikhala zosasintha. Kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha kumakhudza kwambiri maluwa.
3. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa ubwino wa nthaka ndipo apa pali njira ziwiri: kugula dothi kapena kupanga nokha. Pachiyambi choyamba, gawo lapansi la zomera za bulbous ndiloyenera, ndipo lachiwiri, gwiritsani ntchito osakaniza: magawo awiri a peat, 1/2 gawo la mchenga ndi mbali ya mchenga, komanso kuyika fupa lalikulu la fupa ndi phulusa.

Freesia mu mphika - kubzala

Pokula kunyumba, mungagwiritse ntchito njira ziwiri:

1. Kubzala mbewu. Kuyala zakuthupi ziyenera kusungidwa pang'onopang'ono njira ya potaziyamu permanganate kwa maola makumi awiri ndi awiri kuti chitetezo cha disinfection. Bzalani mbeu mu chidebe chodzaza ndi kompositi kapena nthunzi yapadera. Pamwamba ndi filimu kapena galasi kuti apange nyengo yotentha. Ventilate iwo osachepera mphindi 20. Pambuyo pa masabata 3-4, mphukira zidzawoneka. Musaiwale kumwa madzi ndi kumasula pang'ono. Tsiku lililonse zimalimbikitsa kupanga chovala pamwamba ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Pamene ziphuphu zikukula, mkondo mu mphika wosiyana.
2. Kubzala mababu. Kudziwa momwe mungamerekere freesia ndi mababu, mukhoza kupeza maluwa okongola maholide osiyanasiyana. Ngati mukufuna kusangalala ndi kukongola kwa Chaka Chatsopano, ndiye kuti kukwera kwake kuyenera kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa September. Kuti mupeze maluwa a freesia tsiku la Valentine, ndiye muwabzala kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa Oktoba, ndipo kumapeto kwa mwezi uno wayamba kukula maluwa m'masiku otsiriza a Oktoba. Sankhani mababu a yoyamba ndi yachiwiri kupitiliza. Musanadzalemo, zikanizeni mu mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mwachitsanzo, mu boric acid (0.01 g pa madzi okwanira 1), ndiyeno muzimutsuka pansi pa madzi. Miphika yobzala ayenera kukhala masentimita 30. Bzalani zidutswa 4-6. malinga ndi kukula kwake. Pansi pansi muike dongo, losakanizika ndi phulusa, ndipo kenaka mudzaze nthaka. Pakati pa mababu ayenera kukhala 5 masentimita ndipo pamtunda womwewo muyenera kuwawongolera pansi. Miphika imalowa m'chipinda momwe kutentha kumakhala pafupifupi 15 ° C.

Freesia - chisamaliro cha kunyumba

Kuti chomera chikhale bwino, nkofunika kugwiritsa ntchito kuunikira kwina pamene tsiku lowala liri lalifupi, ndiko kuti, m'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira. Pamene mukukula freesia kunyumba, nkofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito nsalu za peduncles. Imwani madzi tsiku lililonse ndi moyenera. Kutaya tchire nthawi ndi nthawi. Ndikofunika kusunga kutentha ndipo onetsetsani kuti mupanga feteleza.

Freesia - kuvala pamwamba

Chomeracho chimachita bwino kwa feteleza zamadzimadzi, koma sichimalola zowonjezera zowonjezera mchere. Pofotokoza maluwa a freesia, zikuwonetseratu kuti nkofunika kuyamba kudyetsa nthawi yomweyo mphukira ikuwonekera. Mu nthawi ya kukula, yogwira masamba ndi maluwa, zovuta mchere feteleza zimafunika. Kuonjezerapo, panthawi yomwe ikukula, nitrogen feteleza ikhoza kuchitidwa, ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu panthawi ya maluwa. Freesia amamanga masabata awiri ndi kuthirira.

Freesia m'munda

Kuti mukule bwino, muyenera kusankha malo abwino ndikukhala bwino ndikupatsani malo omwe mumakhala otetezedwa ndi mphepo. Garden freesia idzakula bwino ndipo idzamera pachimake chodzaza ndi chinyezi. Akatswiri amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito kompositi yowola kapena humus. Ndikofunika kuti nthaka isalowerere ndi kuchepetsa acidity, kuwonjezera ufa wa dolomite ku pulawo.

Kubzala freesia m'munda

Monga momwe zimakhalira kunyumba, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mababu ndi mbewu. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungamerekere freesia kumapeto kwa nyengo:

1. Mababu. Zomwe zimabzala ziyenera kusanamere, kotero kwa miyezi iŵiri zimabzalidwa pansi pamtunda wa 8-10 ° C. Kufika pamalo otseguka kumachitika kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May, pamene palibe chiopsezo cha chisanu. Ndikofunika kuganizira kuti pakati pa mababu kapena mbande panali mtunda wa 3-5 masentimita.
2. Mbewu. Kukula kotereku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza komanso sizinali zofunikira kuti mbeu isamangidwe. Pofuna kupeza maluwa akutali, kufesa kumachitika m'magulu angapo panthawi yamasiku 15-20, kuyambira pa April mpaka June. Choyamba, mbewu ziyenera kumera mu nsalu yonyowa kapena mchenga. Ayenera kukhala mu mdima ndipo onetsetsani kuti akuwaza. Pamene masamba awiri oyambirira apangidwa, ndiye kusankha kumagwira pa mabedi. Pakati pa maluwa ayenera kukhala 4-5 masentimita, ndi pakati pa mizere ya 10-15 masentimita.

Kodi kudzala freesia pansi?

Imodzi mwa zofunika kwambiri zomwe ziyenera kuwonedwa pobzala mbewu kunja ndi boma la kutentha. Kupeza momwe mungamerekerere freesia molondola, sitiyenera kuiwala kuti zimachokera ku nyengo yozizira, kotero nkofunika kudikirira mpaka dziko lapansi liziwongolera bwino. Kubzala maluwa umachitika pamene mpweya kutentha sudzagwa pansipa 15 ° C.

Freesia - kukula ndi kusamalira panja

Pali malamulo angapo okhudza chisamaliro choyenera chomwe muyenera kudziwa:

1. Kuthirira. Pofuna kulima bwino freesia, ndikofunika kulingalira kuti duwa silikonda chilala, koma madzi ochulukirapo a chikhalidwe ndi osafunika. Imwani madzi pansi pazu, ndipo chitani bwino musanadye chakudya, kuti tchire tame.
2. Thandizo. Maluwa a freesia ndi okwera ndipo sangapewe. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito galasi pa izi.
3. Kupaka pamwamba. Mu gawo la mawonekedwe a pepala loyamba, fetereza imagwiritsidwa ntchito - ammonium nitrate . Mbewu ikabzala pa malo osatha, zimayenera kupanga feteleza ndi phosphorous feteleza kawiri pamwezi.

Freesia m'nyengo yozizira - chisamaliro chapadera

Pakati pa autumn, masamba amayamba kutembenukira chikasu ndipo izi zikusonyeza kuti muyenera kuyamba kukumba. Mababu atsukidwa kuchokera pamwamba-pansi, kuchotsa dothi ndi mamba, ndi kuwawuma kwa masiku 3-4 kutentha kwa pafupifupi 25 ° C. Kuti muwone kuphulika kwa freesia chaka chamawa, chisamaliro chisamaliro m'nyengo yozizira chimawasungira m'chipinda chofunda, ndipo osati m'chipinda chapansi, monga zofunikira ndi mbewu zina zamaluwa.