Kodi kukula tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha - zothandiza malangizo kwa alimi

Ngati mukufuna kukolola masamba kumapeto kwa chaka kapena ngakhale chaka chonse, kudziwa momwe mungamere tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha ndikofunikira ndi koyenera. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti zikhale zokolola za tomato zokoma, zazikulu ndi zonunkhira.

Tomato - mitundu ya wowonjezera kutentha

Msika umapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phwetekere ndipo zabwino zokhala mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi mitundu yotsatirayi:

1. Mandarin. Zitsamba zapamwamba zimakhala ndi masamba a masiku 90-100. Pa burashiyi akhoza kupanga zipatso zokwana 10 za mtundu wa lalanje, wolemera 75-110 g. Iwo safuna kuti azisamalira ndipo amakhala ndi kukoma kokoma.
2. "Brush ndi golide." Kutalika kwa chitsamba kufika pafupifupi 1.5 mamita. Zipatso ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino ya phwetekere mu wowonjezera kutentha, kuyambira masiku 96-98. Mitengo ya golide ya golide si yayikulu ndipo imafikira 25-30 g, koma kukoma sikukwanira.
3. "Rasipiberi ya shuga". Pogwiritsira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, zokolola zingapezeke masiku 85-97. Chitsamba chikhoza kukula mpaka masentimita 105-140. Zipatso zili zofiira ndi zofiira. Dziwani kuti patatha nthawi yaitali, tomato amatha kusungidwa ndipo amanyamula bwino.
4. "Gulu lokoma." Mitengo yayitali kwambiri, kotero tchire amatha kutalika kwa mamita atatu. Ayenera kumangirizidwa ndi kupanga ma stems awiri. Izi zosiyanasiyana zimathandiza kupeza mbewu zambiri. Pa burashi iliyonse mukhoza kukhala zipatso zokwana 20-50 zokoma.

Kodi kubzala tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha?

Pofuna kulandira zokolola zochuluka, ndikofunikira kulingalira ziwerengero za malingaliro okula:

1. Bwino kuposa ena, malo obiriwira, opangidwa ndi magalasi kapena polycarbonate, adalangizidwa kuti azilima masamba.
2. Ganizirani kuti m'nyengo yozizira, kulandira tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha, kulima ndi kusamalira kumaphatikizapo bungwe la Kutenthedwa, kuonjezera kuonjezera ndi kutentha kwa nthaka.
3. Nkofunika kusankha zosiyanasiyana, kukonzekera nthaka ndikuyika zonse mu nthawi yabwino.
4. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa momwe mungamere tomato zokoma mu wowonjezera kutentha, onetsetsani kuti simungabzala pafupi ndi nkhaka ndi mbatata.

Kodi mungamange liti tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha?

Ndikofunika kuika mbande mu chipinda chokonzekera pamene chiri chokonzekera. Izi zidzatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro zotere:

• kutalika kwa chomeracho chiyenera kukhala 25-35 cm;
• kukhalapo kwa Mphukira yoyamba;
• Mtundu wa mphukira ndi masamba - zakuda;
• tsinde lakuya liyenera kukhala osachepera 1 masentimita mu khosi lazu;
• payenera kukhala masamba osachepera asanu ndi awiri;
• Mzuwu uyenera kuphimba gawo lapansi ndikukhala ndi mizu yoyera.

Kumvetsetsa mutu - pamene kuli kofunika kubzala tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndibwino kuti tiwonetsetse kuti ngati mmera uli waukulu, muyenera kuchotsa pamwamba, kuchotsani masamba apansi ndikuuika m'madzi. Masiku angapo pambuyo pake, mizu imapangidwira pamalo awo. Musanadzalemo, chotsani masamba a cotyledon. Pofuna kutulutsa tchire wathanzi, mabokosi omwe ali ndi mbande ayenera ayambe kuikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kuti athandizidwe kwa masiku angapo.

Pa kutentha kotani kuti tomato abzalidwe mu wowonjezera kutentha?

Ndibwino kuti kuika kukupangidwe pamene dzuŵa likhoza kutentha tsiku la wowonjezera kutentha kotero kuti usiku kutentha sikutsika pansi pa 8 ° C. Poganizira za momwe mungabzalitsire tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha, muyenera kuganizira kuti kutentha kwa nthaka kuyenera kukhala 15 ° C. Ngati mtengo uli wotsika, ndiye kuti mizu sidzakhala ndi moyo komanso kufa.

Kodi kutalika chomera tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha?

Popeza ndikofunika kukula bwino, kuchepetsa , pasynkovanie ndi njira zina, muyenera kusamalira kupezeka kwa malo osungira zinthu zonse.

1. Mukasankha mitundu yayitali mutabzala tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha, mtunda wa pakati pa tomato uyenera kuchoka 50-60 masentimita Ngati malowa sali ochepa, mukhoza kubzala tomato mu mizere iwiri kapena motsatira mfundo ya chess.
2. Ngati mukufuna kukula mitundu yochepa, mtunda ukhoza kuchepetsedwa kufika 40 cm.

Kusamalira tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha

Pambuyo pofika, palibe chifukwa choyembekeza kuti tomato idzakhazikika mwa iwoeni, chifukwa popanda kusamalira mokwanira kupeza zokolola zambiri sikungagwire ntchito. Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kutentha koyenera, posankha bwino nthaka ndi kuthirira. Kusamalira tomato mu galasi lopangidwa ndi polycarbonate kapena galasi kumaphatikizapo pasynkovanie ndi garter malinga ndi zofunikira.

Kutentha mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa phwetekere

Tomato ndi thermophilic, ndipo ngakhale pang'ono kutaya kutentha kwa iwo akhoza kufa. Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi momwe angamere tomato wabwino mu wowonjezera kutentha, pali malamulo apadera a boma la kutentha:

1. Pamene chomeracho chibzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, kutentha kumakhala pafupi 15 ° C ndipo ziyenera kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.
2. Pamene mtengowu ufika pa 25-30 ° C, mbande za phwetekere mu wowonjezera kutentha ziyamba kukula mwakhama. Poonetsetsa kuti sizowonjezereka kwambiri, ndi bwino kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha 15 ° C. Chotsatira chake, mizu idzalimbikitsidwa.
3. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuchepetsa kutentha pansi pa malire omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, monga tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha ayamba kuphuka ndi chitukuko chidzaima.

Dothi la tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha

Ndikofunika kusankha nthaka yoyenera yolima ndiwo zamasamba komanso izi, ganizirani malamulo ena:

1. Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe ichi ndibwino kuti dothi likhale lolimba, momwe acidity ili pafupi ndi ndale. Ngati mtengo ukuwonjezeka, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito deoxidizing zinthu, monga phulusa kapena laimu.
2. Olima munda amalimbikitsa kupanga pansi grooves kwa 40-50 masentimita ndi kuyala pamenepo udzu kapena manyowa. Pambuyo pake, nthaka yochotsedwa imabwezeretsedwa ku tsamba. Onani kuti kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zakutchire kumatulutsa carbon dioxide, yomwe ndi yoopsa kwa anthu ndipo ingayambitse poizoni.
3. Padziko lapansi kutentha kwa phwetekere sikuyenera kukhala ndi namsongole ndi mphutsi. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yotayirira, yomwe ndi yofunika kuti asunge chinyezi. Mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zogawanitsa, mwachitsanzo, perlite, vermiculite kapena phulusa. Onani kuti pH iyenera kukhala pa mlingo wa ma unit unit 6.5-7.
4. Chinthu chinanso kuchokera kwa wamaluwa wamaluwa - ngati tomato wakula kwa zaka zingapo m'malo amodzi, ndibwino kusintha nthaka yosanjikiza (pafupifupi masentimita 40).

Kuthirira phwetekere mu wowonjezera kutentha

Akatswiri amapereka malamulo angapo okhudzana ndi kuthirira, omwe alimi akuyenera kudziwa kuti akule bwino tchire:

1. Njira ya ulimi wothirira imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo madzi sayenera kufika pamunsi masamba. Njirayi imachitika kamodzi pa sabata ndipo chomera chilichonse chiyenera kukhala ndi malita 5 a madzi.
2. Kuthirira tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha kumachitika m'mawa. Musagwiritsire ntchito madzi ozizira, mwinamwake mukhoza kuwononga mkhalidwe wa zomera.
3. Pamene tomato amayamba kubala chipatso, kuthirira kuyenera kuwonjezeka ndipo madontho amadzi ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino.
4. Pambuyo kuthirira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizimitsa malo a wowonjezera kutentha. Masabata atatu musanayambe kukolola, muyenera kusiya kuthirira zomera, zomwe zidzakuthandizira kuthamanga msanga.
5. Pofuna kupeza momwe mungamere tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndi bwino kunena kuti ngati mulibe chinyezi, masamba a tchire adzathera, ndipo ngati pali madzi ochulukirapo, ndiye kuti ming'alu ya zomera idzawoneka, yomwe ikhoza kuvunda.

Pamwamba kuvala kwa tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha

Kuti mupeze ndiwo zamasamba, zonunkhira ndi zokoma, kuvala pamwamba ndikofunikira. Pali zifukwa zambiri zokhudzana ndi kusankha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza kwa tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha:

1. Tomato amavomereza bwino mizu ndi masamba feteleza.
2. Pa tsiku la 20 mutabzala, nkofunika kuti mupange feteleza yoyamba ya zomera. Mukhoza kugula zosakaniza m'masitolo, ndipo mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito izi: 5 malita a madzi, 0,5 malita a mullein, 17 g wa superphosphate ndi 25 g wa phulusa. Mu phwetekere iliyonse tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera 0,5 malita a yankho.
3. Pakati pa zamasamba, mizu yokhala ndi zofanana kapena kugula zowonjezera imafuna magawo ena awiri ndi masiku makumi awiri pambuyo pake. Kwa nthawi yachitatu, phulusa ndi superphosphate ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
4. Ponena za kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, njirayi siyenela, koma ngati ikufunidwa, ikhoza kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito calcium nitrate.

Kuphika tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha

Thunthu la chomera pansi pa kulemera kwake kwa chipatso lingathe kupindika ndi kuphwanya, kotero garter ndiyo njira yofunika kwambiri. Kukonzekera koyamba kumachitika pamene iwo afika kutalika kwa masentimita 40-50. Pachifukwa ichi, gwiritsani ntchito zikopa zing'onozing'ono ndi zida zofewa zofewa. Pali njira zingapo zomwe zingamangirire phwetekere mu wowonjezera kutentha pamene zikukula:

1. Kumitengo ya matabwa . Pafupi phwetekere iliyonse chiwerengerocho chimakhala chojambulidwa, pomwe thunthu lamangidwa, lomwe liyenera kuima molunjika. Chitani izi pakati ndi pamwamba.
2. Kwa trellis. Njira iyi si yabwino kwa wowonjezera kutentha, chifukwa nthawi zambiri malo amakhala ochepa.
3. Kupita kumtunda kapena njanji. Kupeza momwe mungamere tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha komanso momwe mungamangirire bwino, simungaphonye mwayi wotchuka kwambiri. Pamwamba pa kapangidwe kameneka, nkofunika kukoka waya, womwe amamangiriza zingwe zolimba ndipo iwo amakonza tchire la tomato. Olima munda amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodziphatikizira, ndiko kuti, omangiriza ulusi osati ku chitsamba, koma pamtengo ndiyeno, mutseka kale thunthu.

Kodi kuvala tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha?

Njira yochotsera mphukira zosayenera imayambitsa anthu ambiri kukayikira. Pali zifukwa zingapo zotsatsa tomato mu greenhouses, zomwe zingayankhe mafunso onse ofunika chidwi:

1. Choyamba muyenera kudziwa molondola anawo. Ngakhale ngati ili yaing'ono, ili ndi masamba. Kuphatikiza apo, malowa amakhala nthawi zonse pakati pa thunthu ndi masamba.
2. Kuchotsa kumachitika pambuyo pa kutalika kwa masitepewo kukhala masentimita 3-6, koma panonso. Kuphimba pazitsamba zina ndizofunikira pamtunda wa 1-2 masentimita kuchokera kumunsi. Chifukwa chake, padzakhala chitsa chaching'ono.
3. Kumvetsetsa momwe tingamere tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndi bwino kunena kuti ndikofunikira kuti tichite ndondomekoyo m'miyoyo yonse ya chomera kuti athe kutsogolera mphamvu kuti imangirire zipatsozo. Chitani izi mpaka 11 koloko.
4. Ndikofunika kuganizira kuti anawo, omwe ali pansi pa brush chapamwamba sangathe kuchotsedwa. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, tomato kuthirira ndiletsedwa.