Zifukwa za khalidwe losayera

Chizoloŵezi chosasinthasintha ndi zochita za munthu kapena gulu la anthu lomwe silingagwirizane ndi zizolowezi zomwe amavomereza. Komanso, tanthawuzo la khalidwe lotereli ndi losaoneka bwino, chifukwa anthu alionse ali ndi zikhalidwe zawo komanso zomwe zimakhala zovomerezeka kudziko lonse lapansi - zopindulitsa pa kuba, ndiye kuti m'madera ena amatchedwa osowa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa khalidwe losayenerera zingakhale zabwino komanso zoipa. Chinthu cholakwika kwambiri chikugonjetsa miyambo ya chikhalidwe cha kusintha kwa khalidwe mu chikhalidwe cha anthu. Ndipo khalidwe loipa limapangitsa chiwonongeko, kuwonongeka.

Mchitidwe wosayenerera ukhoza kuwonetsedwa muzolakwa kapena pakuwonongeka, kuzunzidwa, misonkhano. Makhalidwe oterewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo, ochita zintchito, magulu a zigawenga, onse omwe akumenyana ndi anthu omwe ali nawo.

Zotsatira za devinata

Zomwe zimayambitsa khalidwe lopanda nzeru ziribe zolondola, kumasulira kwasayansi. Koma pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana omwe tidzakambirana.

Physiology

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonekera kwa khalidwe loipa zimayesedwa ndipo zimapezeka m'mayendedwe a chibadwa, zolakwika zamalingaliro, mikhalidwe yapadera ya khalidwe ndi maonekedwe. Ndipo zopotokazi zimawonetsedwa mwazizolowezi zoledzeretsa - zizoloŵezi zomwe zimakhala ngati njira yobwezeretsa chowonadi ndi dziko lachinyengo la mowa, nicotine, mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zotsatira za kuledzeretsa ndi chiwonongeko cha umunthu.

Ponena za chikhalidwe cha anthu omwe amachititsa khalidwe lopanda khalidwe, amatha kuwona chofunika kwambiri cha zochitikazo mochuluka kwambiri. Pali ziphunzitso zingapo nthawi yomweyo:

1. Kusokonezeka maganizo ndi kusagwirizana pakati pa zochitika pamoyo wa munthu ndi chikhalidwe chovomerezeka. Monga ngati moyo umakhala ndi munthu, zochitika zake zimasonyeza kuti kumamatira kumakhalidwe abwino, simungabwere kulikonse. Pazochitika zotero amayamba kutuluka - kusakhala kwathunthu kwa makhalidwe abwino a umunthu.
2. R. Merton, katswiri wa zachikhalidwe cha anthu ku America, anapanga zosiyana ndi zamoyo. Malingana ndi chiphunzitso chake, anomiya sikutanthauza zikhalidwe, koma n'zosatheka kuziwatsatira. M'masiku amasiku ano, zolinga zazikulu zomwe zimavomerezedwa kawirikawiri ndizopambana ndi kukhala bwino. Boma silipereka anthu onse momwe angagwirizanitsire zolinga izi, pakusokonezeka uku ndikuwonetseredwa. Munthu ali ndi chisankho chotsutsana - kuphwanya lamulo, kuti akwaniritse zolinga zomwe zimagwirizana (kupambana ndi chuma) kapena kukana kukwaniritsa zolingazi, komanso, kuiwala - mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mowa , ndi zina zotero. N'zotheka kupandukira anthu.
3. Chifukwa cha maganizo cha khalidwe loipa ndi kupachikidwa kwa malemba. Mwachitsanzo, wolakwirayo adatsimikiza mtima kuti ayambe njira yeniyeni, koma anthu, podziwa kuti samakhulupirira kuti wachigawenga samamupatsa ntchito, amamukumbutsa nthawi zonse kuti "ndi woipa." Atakwaniritsa malire a maganizo, munthuyu amakakamizidwa kubwerera ku chigawenga Njira, chifukwa anthu sanamusiye kusankha. Khalidwe losasangalatsa, mwa njira, loipa la chiyembekezo chomaliza mu mpira.

Pakati pa magulu onse a anthu, zopotoka ndizovuta kwambiri kwa achinyamata. Iwo atha kale kukhala ndi chilakolako chodzizindikira okha, koma moyo suwapatsanso iwo mwayi wakuzindikira ndi kudzizindikira okha. Maganizo a achinyamata ali otetezeka kwambiri, ndipo amadziwa kuti kuphwanya ufulu ndi mwayi. Nthawi zina, pali mlandu umodzi wokha wosayenerera kapena wonyozedwa ndi makolo kapena aphunzitsi a sukulu, kotero kuti mwanayo ayende m'njira yonyansa. Ndipo njira yosavuta yoperewera ndi kumwa mowa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kusuta.

Monga lamulo, zopotoka ndi zoipa, koma pali zosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, luntha, chidziwitso, zatsopano zitha kuonedwa ndi anthu ngati chithunzithunzi. Ndipo izi sizimaganizidwe za mtundu wina wa malingaliro, otchedwa kusagwirizana, zimapangitsa achinyamata kukhala otetezeka kwambiri ndipo amachititsa kuti azikhala osiyana.