Mawu akuti "chakudya cha kosher" anabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku Israeli. Moyo wa Ayuda okhulupirira umatsatiridwa ndi malamulo apadera ndi malamulo - otchedwa Halacha. Halakha ikufotokozera maziko onse a banja lawo, chipembedzo, ndi chikhalidwe chawo. Lingaliro la "kashrut" limatanthauza, malinga ndi chirichonse chomwe chiri choyenera ndi kuloledwa kuchokera ku malo a Halacha.
Malamulo a kashrut amalamula Ayuda okhulupirira kuti adye, kuchokera ku zakudya zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwa, ndi momwe ziyenera kusungidwira. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ubwino wa zinthu zopangira zakudyazi ndi zolimba kwambiri. Ndani amachita izo? 170 Mabungwe Achiyuda (pakati pawo - arabi ndi rabbi payekha), iliyonse yomwe ili ndi chisindikizo chake. Zonse zopangidwa kuchokera kumsika zimakhala ndi chimodzi mwa zisindikizo izi.
Kodi chakudya cha kosher chikutanthauzanji?
Chakudya chamtundu chimagawidwa m'magulu atatu:
- katundu wa nyama, kapena "basar";
- Zakudya za mkaka, kapena "freebies";
- zopanda ndale, kapena "kupitiliza".
Zakudya za nyama
"Basar" - iyi ndi nyama yomwe idaperekedwa kuchokera ku zinyama zonyansa. Kosher amaonedwa kuti ndi nyama zokhala ndi zinyama zomwe zimakhala pamtunda, ndipo ziboda zake zimagwedezeka. Mwa kuyankhula kwina - nkhosa, ng'ombe, mbuzi, mapepala, ntchentche, mkungudza ... Mu nyama za Torah zimasonyeza kuti ziri ndi chizindikiro chimodzi chokha chokha. Awa ndi akalulu, ngamila ndi damans (nyama zomwe zimadyetsa udzu koma ziribe ziboda), ndipo nkhumba - yomwe ili ndi ziboda koma sizitsuka udzu.
Kuti ukhale nawo mndandanda wa zinthu zopangidwa ndi nyama, nyama iyenera kukhala ndi katundu wina, kutanthauza kusowa kwa magazi. Kashrut salola kugwiritsa ntchito magazi mwa mtundu uliwonse, monga chakudya ndi magazi zimadzutsa nkhanza mwa munthu. Saloledwa kudyetsa mazira omwe amakhala ndi magazi.
Koma mbalameyi, palibe zizindikiro za kashrut zokhudza iwo, koma Torah imatchula mbalamezi zomwe nyama zawo sizingadye. Ndi kadzidzi, kadzidzi, chiwombankhanga, ntchentche ndi ntchentche. M'mawu ena, nkhuku zokhazokha (abakha, nkhuku, atsekwe, nkhuku) zingathe kuikidwa pa mndandanda wa zinthu zopangidwa ndi nyama, komanso nkhunda.
Mazira achilendo ayenera kukhala opanda malire (ayenera kumanenedwa, wina - mozungulira). Mazira, malekezero onse awiri omwe ali ovuta kapena owala, amawoneka osayenera chakudya, monga momwe mazirawa amanyamula mbalame zowonongeka kapena mbalame zomwe zimadya chakudya.
Nsomba zamphongo zili ndi zizindikiro ziwiri: ziyenera kukhala ndi mamba ndi zipsepse. Oimira onse a nyanja ndi nyanja (nkhanu, shrimps, kabosifi, octopus, oyster, blackheads, etc.) sangathe kuganiziridwa kuti ndi zinthu zopanda ntchito, chifukwa alibe. Njoka, mphutsi ndi tizilombo zimayambanso kutengedwa kuti si kosher.
Zakudya za mkaka
Pankhani ya mkaka ("freebies"), mfundoyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito: mkaka, umene unaperekedwa kuchokera kwa nyama zonyansa, umatengedwa kukhala woyera - zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zikhoza kuganiziridwa kuti ndi chakudya chokhalitsa. Mkaka, womwe umapezeka kuchokera kwa nyama zosadya nyama, umatengedwa kuti ndi wonyansa - ndipo, motero, sungaganizedwe ngati chakudya chamagazi.
Zosagwirizana nazo
Zamasamba ndi zipatso (parve) zimatha kuonedwa ngati zopangidwa ndi kosher kokha ngati siziri zovuta, ndipo ngati sizikugwirizana ndi zinthu zopanda ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, phwetekere, kudzoza mafuta ndi nkhumba, siletsedwa.
Zogulitsa zamtundu ndizofala, makamaka ku msika wa Israeli.
Komabe, tcherani khutu kuzinthu zotsatirazi. Malembo akuti "kosher" ayenera kukhala ndi dzina la rabbi (kapena rabi) amene amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Apo ayi - ngati pali chilembo chimodzi chokha - chinthucho sichingaganizidwe kukhala chokhazikika.