Zomera zimakula mosavuta. Ngati mutatsatira malangizidwe a momwe mungamere nyemba, mungathe kupeza mwambo wa chikhalidwe, umene umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku khitchini. Zitha kusungidwa, saladi, supu, ragout zakonzedwa. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, nyemba zimagwirizana ndi mabakiteriya okonzera nayitrogeni, ndipo zimakonza zakudya za nthaka.
Momwe mungabzalitsire nyemba kumalo otseguka?
Chinthu choyamba kuganizira ndi malo abwino odzala. Zofunikira pa malo omwe nyemba zakula:
- nyemba amafunika dzuwa;
- malo ayenera kutsekedwa kumadera opanda mphepo pafupi ndi mipanda ndi abwino, makamaka chifukwa cha mitundu yokwera;
- nyemba zachitsamba zimakonzedwa bwino pakati pa kabichi ndi mbatata;
- nthaka salowerera kapena yowonongeka;
- ndi bwino kutenga malo osalidwa bwino ndikuika nyemba kumeneko, kudzaza dziko lapansi ndi nitrojeni;
- Chodzala chikuchitika ngati chisanu sichiyembekezeredwa, kumapeto kwa May kapena kuyamba kwa June.
Momwe mungamere nyemba kumunda?
Gawo lachiwiri ndi kukonzekera kwa zokolola. Momwe mungamere nyemba ku mbewu:
- iwo ali osankhidwa, atayidwa;
- Ndi zofunika kuti ziwononge nyemba (kuvala gauze kwa masiku 2-3 ndi kuchepetsa);
- Ndibwino kuyikapo mphindi zisanu mu njira yowonjezera ya boric acid pofuna kuteteza mphukira ku tizirombo;
- mundawo uli wothira, nyemba zimakhala ndi mizere yakuya masentimita asanu, pakati pa zomera ndi masentimita 15;
- ngati magulu angapo akukonzekera, kusiyana pakati pawo kuyenera kukhala osachepera 40 cm;
- Nyemba zoyera zimabzalidwa ndi zisa - 5-7 zidutswa aliyense;
- mabedi ndi mbewu anamwetsa;
- Ngati palibe thandizo pafupi, ndiye kuti nkhumba zimathamangitsidwa pansi.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji nyemba?
Mutatha kuthana ndi kukwera, muyenera kuganizira momwe mungamere nyemba ndikuzipereka mosamala. Nyemba sizimapereka zofunikira zovuta, koma pali kusiyana. Nyemba - kukula bwino ndi kusamalira:
- Kutsegula nthaka. Dziko lapansi liyenera kuponyedwa kumayambiriro kwa kumera, makamaka pambuyo kuthirira kapena mvula. Njirayi siyilola nthaka kuti iume ndi bwino kudutsa chinyezi. Izi zimachitidwa mosamala, kuti asawononge mizu. Kutsegula kumatha kuphatikizapo kupalira.
- Kudula tizilombo. Kawirikawiri nyemba zimagunda slugs . Kuti tipewe mavuto, tifunikira kuthetsa namsongole mwa nthawi yake ndi kuyang'anira chinyezi cha dziko lapansi. Pamene tizilombo tiwoneke, patukani. Kulimbana ndi matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amkuwa.
- Kusinthanitsa. Zomera zitatha kufika mamita awiri, ziyenera kufupikitsidwa kuchokera pamwamba, kuti zithandize kupanga mazira.
Kukongoletsa pamwamba kwa nyemba
Monga lamulo, kukula nyemba kukula kwa chipatso chachikulu kumathandiza feteleza. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, chikhalidwe cha nyemba chimadyetsedwa pa msinkhu wamwezi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mchere wamchere wambiri (40 magalamu pa mita imodzi). Ndondomekoyi imachitika pamodzi ndi kumasula, kusakaniza zofanana ndi nthaka. Kukula nyemba m'munda, ndikofunikira kudzaza kusowa kwa nayitrogeni, komwe kumabwera nyengo yozizira. Pachifukwachi, nthaka imadzaza ndi zitsamba zosakaniza mbalame.
Kachiwiri feteleza amayamba pambuyo pa masiku 20. Panthawiyi amafunika kuti azikhala ndi zipatso zazikulu zomwe zimafunikira magnesium, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Choyika ichi cha zinthu zamchere zimapezeka phulusa. Imawonjezeredwa mwachindunji pansi kapena yokonzedwa ndi kulowetsedwa. Ma supuni awiri a osakaniza pa lita imodzi ya madzi amaumirizidwa kwa masiku angapo, ndiye amamwetsa mbewu
Kuthirira nyemba
Nyemba zimakonda kwambiri madzi, makamaka pa mapangidwe a masamba ndi nyemba. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungamere bwino nyemba ndipo musadwale kwambiri. Poyamba, chikhalidwe chimathiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata, pogwiritsira ntchito pafupifupi 5-6 malita a madzi pa mita imodzi. Pambuyo pa mbeuyi muli masamba 4-5, kuthira mchere kumatha - chifukwa chakuti chinyezi chimapangitsa kukula kwa masamba, ndipo fruiting imafooka.
Kuthirira kumayambiranso pambuyo maluwa akuyamba ndi nyemba. Mlingo wake umatuluka - 15-20 malita pa mita imodzi. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi amvula pakati pa mizere. Ndibwino kuti musapezeke madontho pa masamba, kuti musayambitse matenda a fungal. Kuthirira kumachitika m'mawa, kuti nthaka ikhale youma usiku.
Ndi nyemba ziti zomwe zikukula bwino?
Chikhalidwe ichi cha banja la nyemba chimakhala ndi zipatso ngati mpanga ndi zipatso. Kuti mudziwe momwe mungamerekere nyemba, muyenera kudziwa mbeu zosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yake yonse imagawidwa mu mitundu iwiri malinga ndi kukula kwake: zophimba komanso zophika. Zipatso zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi mthunzi - pali zofiira , zoyera , zachikasu, zofiirira, zowoneka bwino. Kuonjezera apo, iwo ali ndi nthawi zochezera zosiyana. Kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yonse yokolola, mukhoza kuphatikiza mitundu. Mwachitsanzo, nyemba zachitsamba zimatenga malo ambiri, koma isanakwane. Kuwomba kukulolani kuti mupeze zokolola zambiri pa chigawo chaching'ono.
Katsitsumzukwa nyemba - kukula
Chikhalidwe ichi n'chofanana ndi katsitsumzukwa. Kusiyanitsa kwake ndi nyemba zowonongeka ndizoti nyemba sizikhala ndi zikopa, zimadyedwa ndi zobiriwira. Kodi kukula katsitsumzukwa nyemba:
- Chikhalidwe chimabzalidwa mu May pa dzuwa;
- Potaziyamu ndi phulusa la nkhuni zimalowa m'nthaka;
- Chiwembu chodzala: mtunda pakati pa zomera ndi 10-15 masentimita, mizere ikulinganizidwa kupyolera 40 cm;
- chitsamba cha katsitsumzukwa nyemba chikufika kutalika kwa masentimita 50, kupuma - 2 mamita, kwa iwo ndi zofunika kukhazikitsa zothandizira;
- kuthirira kumachitika pansi pazu, ngati nthaka iuma;
- Mutayika makama muyenera kumasula;
- Pambuyo pa mphukira kufika mamita 2.5 m'lifupi, iwo amathira;
- Manyowa mu nthawi ya maluwa ndi mineral feteleza;
- Zokolola zokolola zoyambirira m'masiku 50, mochedwa - patatha masiku 100-130;
- Zipatso zimachotsedwa mu mkaka wakucha.
Mmene mungamere nyemba zofiira?
Mitengo yofiira yofiira ndi yosiyana: Mitundu ya Colorado, Skorospelka, Tashkent, tomato ndi zokongoletsera - Wopambana ndi maluwa ofiira owala kapena mphete ya Raspberry ndi pinki. Nyemba zofiira zimakopa zokolola zambiri ndi mavitamini ochuluka. Imamera pa nthaka iliyonse, kupatula dongo. Mmene mungakulire nyemba zonyezimira:
- Mbeu ingabzalidwe kale kumapeto kwa April pamtunda wa masentimita 20 wina ndi mzake mpaka kuya kwa masentimita asanu ndi awiri (2-3 masentimita 2-3);
- mu dzenje mukhoza kuwonjezera phulusa lochepa ndi 1 tsp. feteleza zovuta;
- chifukwa ndi koyenera kukhazikitsa nthawi zothandizira - matope-netting, matabwa kapena zitsulo ndi zingwe zotambasula pakati pawo. Kawirikawiri nyemba zimabzalidwa pamphepete mwa mpanda kapena makoma a nyumbayo, kumene zimakopa chidwi cha aliyense ndi mitundu yowala ndi kukongoletsa malo;
- kotero kuti chomera chimakula chobiriwira chobiriwira, nthaka ikuwazidwa ndi humus 5 mm wandiweyani;
- M'nyengo yozizira angapo feteleza ndi mchere feteleza ikuchitika;
- nyemba zofiira zimafuna madzi okwanira;
- Pofika mu August pali zipatso - zofiira zamakono zokongola ndi zipatso zamitundu.
Nyemba zakuda - momwe zingakulire?
Nyemba zoterezi zimapezeka maroon ngati mtundu wa Kindi kapena pafupifupi wakuda - Preto. Nyembazi zimasiyanasiyana ndi ena mu zokoma kwambiri, zomangira bwino ndikumenyana ndi nyama yosuta. Zofukufuku za nyemba zakuda zatsimikizira kuti izi ndizopangidwe zopindulitsa kwambiri komanso zothandiza za chomera. Lili ndi mapuloteni ambiri, pafupi ndi nyama.
Zomera za kulima nyemba zakuda , kulima ndi kusamalira izo sizisiyana ndi mitundu ina ya nyemba zamba. Zimamera bwino pa dothi lakuda, musanadzalemo mbewu zimayikidwa m'madzi otentha (madigiri 70) ndi kuwonjezera potaziyamu permanganate. Kusamalanso kumaphatikizapo kumasula, kupalira, kudyetsa, kuthirira, makamaka pamaluwa. Ndizodabwitsa kuti zipatso zakuda zokha sizimakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo ndi tirigu. Poyankha funso la momwe mungamere nyemba, ndikofunika kuti muteteze nyemba. Kuti achite izi, zouma ndizosungidwa m'thumba la nsalu.
Momwe mungamere nyemba zoyera?
Mbewu yokhala ndi zipatso zoyera imatanthawuza kukhwima ndi kukwezeka. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imafuna kudzipatula pakabzala, chitsamba chimodzi chimapatsidwa mtunda wa pafupifupi theka la mita. Kukula nyemba, zotsatsa zina:
- Nyemba zoyera zimakhala ndi thermophilic, zenizeni mpaka kutentha - zimapitirira patsogolo pa 18-25 ° C. Pambuyo pofesa, dera lanu likhoza kukhala ndi filimu ya polyethylene - kotero idzatentha mofulumira;
- Chifukwa cha nyemba zoyera, chinyezi chimafunika - ndi kusowa kwake, maluwa adzagwa. Koma madzi a mmadzi ndi owopsa - nsonga zidzakula, koma sipadzakhala chipatso;
- chomera chimafuna kuwala kwakukulu - pamene tchire china chikukula, m'munsi mwake chidzakhala;
- Ali wamng'ono, muyenera kuthirira tchire ndi superphosphate.